588 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. [Jorn 18, 1964, 
= yearly “from the rain and the atmosphere 
16 t 
po e 
20 bushels of Wheat annually, i. e. from 80 to 100 lbs. 
i i i trogen. N 
is contained in the annual r: ainfall, the re est mus st be | 
absorbed from the atmosphere d the fallow se 
And we have seen that the greate r or less capability of | 
absorbing or retaining this cared for the use of crops 
r bad land. 
If we gt the average land of this country, worth 
about 12. acre, or 30s. gg me tithes, rates, | Every good 
&e., we sball find these rough estimates sufficiently of land; and we often find in this age of c 
urpose. We a e who have the. least 
and are not celebrated for abilit 
a 
Jand out of condition, but clean aud capable of 
i 2 
rate, land tax 
o| One very (des guide, and one but too ofte 
by tenants, is 
being aria 
d properly tilled and aérated will|is the rent - other burdens, such as tithe, poor- 
n taken 
the success of the last oceupier. If a 
g 
Seiten is a neces: esariy a goo 
mmor iti » Prof. | man makes mone 
a > y upon a farm, or 
Voelcker and the chemists tell us that about 22 lbs. - numbers will me and be ready to take it, almost 
1 o M t, or asking i 
dency to milk rather than feed, as experience will 
testity that your well-fed, en ean thd 
cow will yie vs you. from i "wt. 
ew 
cheese "dur e a 
a larger | breasted, thickthighed, high- bred, a . cow. 
Let your ju am m also ! fi at, if 
you wish to a large quantity of peat our 
both before as quy calving, must as h: X 
must be | mar rk with pr one 1, so 
d valu uer 
y commence d mui choses 
, 
rge 
and to continue ps ur good start, you must turn out to 
HE, ry pastures—well eai A and thus of g i 
herbage. Eu ce ae up your ma ake of deak in 
capital, 
p 
tumn n Grass begins to fail, demands y 
special ‘attention; and I know of no thing beti 
IE! 
bearing after a corn cro e 16 to 20 bushels of|in their own neighbourhood, will for the of | Tur pass A —— Ls Wes ‘and Vetches, p 
corn. But the incoming tenant will not sow corn on etting a farm, go a distance away, and, well armed | or grow a self er 
a Hime He has half his land either ith testimonials—and naci one from their own oney — a n e to the see 
fallo p, roots or pee ` therefore takes to landlord, who is only too glad to get quietis rid of a|of our subject befor entioned — vi; 
this haf o of f his land with one year's kcu ge already | bad tenant— will offer more for a farm than they know | Capital, which 3 is orta iy an mi com 
tored in it, and he pede takes to ith two | it ought to be let for, trusting to their power It must be owned that n no definite 
years' ofc rm capacity, i.e., Perpettive. ‘of ny | the farm a good whipping, for a change of fortune, can be named, 1 ot! 
nure, with a capacity of ucing hels | when after a few years they prep g y, | two insit but 8/, an acre is not a 
Thai this is borne out by facts I think | and leave the farm ready on me poo born | although many do well with less, an 
t, by t estimation of a clean | with a silver spoon in his — ana hos having | with more. One with ju and 
fallow; 2ud, by the knowledge that Clover and roots | plenty of mon and pluc buy | wil Os. go as far as another deficient in these 
nae en from soil, but rather increase | judgment. We have ollen heard [ the Foolish remark pe can make 30s. go. y vis not only re- 
i a h 
bs, o y kne 
up in the roots of a thick crop of|istrue that E a litte bodie 
pli 
Wwe " rir then that an average 
b 
vf 
Kanalar sini of corn is double the — of the 
natural productive poer of the land, that i is f m 4 to 5 | 
aris instea T o 20 bushels ; ; i 
extra produce is derived by the storage in t and of | 
from 80 to 100 lbs. of ammonia, either will or 
artificially. Mr. tans proves that 14 tons 
0 Ib 
w, every cow will oe e of che y 
ied auod calf too—that every acre of Turnips. will | 
| give 30 tons— —every acre o 
|50 bushe ls to the acre and 2 tons of straw; and those 
a dar g, 
force to EEE Jandlords who know 
ler and winter a 
prae" t the y for r produce as soon as it is 
Srodan or oie Tarore Yd will often be compelled 
to sell at considerable loss. I shall not be out of place 
Jats, 
atter 
? per of |f 
his farmyard dung, or 40 s. of nitrate or Ac of | the ee res of their land, “are deficient in the 
ammonia, produce artificially a Pipe agricultural crop. | 
These contain,'each of them, as near can be a scertained, | 8 
bs. of amm i 
r. i 
able article on the prices of manures, that this 
monia can be purchased in guano or in nitrate of 
a th of r 
ledge of thei 
slownish clodhoppers 
kno 
8. No; 
here remarking that the experience of many good 
o 
to be adjasted 
th je A e ene atte, the <n and the anxieties, | | 
ery 
year of his life is subject to. At the 
make from lands i in their own occur 
non-progressive and one-side 
n | will go still further and say that, if farmers 
according to the profits. which 
i 
a 
es 
O mO 
a 
With a little spare capital, also, you may often buy 
things witch will pay you well for vx baying, 
whilst without that little d you ma 
pelled to sell when markets t the Worle although 
your judgment tells you i m to hold on, 
have Da: the m c EE by practical fa Es 
nant t 
ce these extra 20 bushels, and this at 
| eene prices is no bad return for the outlay. w, i 
have made my position on clear thus far, I thi ink 1 ate 
| steam ploughs, 
the tenant. 
farm-yard manure: the substance so d a may have 
value as a manure—from rotted straw, which has 
find a nalyses of well made dung varying from 10h. 
per x or in 
babe; ERR 
Your j 
5s. to I feara great deal of dung, if a tar 
would te found ‘Tittle better ra rotten straw. “There: 
fore, when a tenant takes to a heap of dung ata ~~“ 
| | ba some 
Abs tenonta a ber 
re begi 
p lex 
&e., the change would _ in — of 
pily for both landlords and 
d 
But, hap 
udgmen' 
the E seqined, 
after. 
state i - n is dawning, and lan 
ing betie 
e wiles e lar d wants draining, Mud ede bones 
will qve] thie is no doubt as to the outlay paying 
good i tere: est; but, w itho ut a lease, we cannot see 
the to this expense. A noble 
o understand their own 
ess to a ‘hird party. 
so be brought to Pedo 
re stock adi a 
con nfiden 
If you are about to “take a * — replied, “ I 
landlord, a few yea py asked his steward who was 
‘arms, 
poi 
on 
ord cannot, “or will n 
im, 
ur 
I pil, ‘then clearly, as a path 
| you ought to da y sie for any 
| perm: nent improve em 
nesty to yourself and 
but 
fam ily, 
money you spend in 
ents. Many , suggestions have 
I think 
lati ion, he is entitled to know, not the weight of st 
FE 
matter or ammonia, of which the above straw and wa! 
are excellent retairers and —À wipe “ttle = 
ir own rocee 
and t 
loa wi ten sv - a diego leases 
ment of your lease you 
laable for t| sakes. This val 
to ascertain ng from our elei ati ict he value 
of the straw, which is not to be taken off, but including 
all the manurial properties of the left in the 
yards, and the unexhausted value of any former appli- | t 
cations en gn to the future crops beyond we 
ha the incoming tenant to be entitled ix viz. 
m— MÀ 
LUCK : MONEY: JUDGMENT. 
judgment will 
of the milking 
ock as 
'* Mr. y gave an address on th the | such a 
requisites for taking and successfully managing a 
farm, ore the T: 1 Farmer? Club. The 
following is an abri of his lecture. He said :- :— 
= 1. L will reverse order in Ih i itab 
ny. aE great amount of judgment, and | is 
the more so if he is about taking one of a different soi soil 
great mistakes — 
beet mate or the capabilities of the soil, a — following 
hat mode p ama which they ha been 
accusto med. to. s well known that good Se otch 
to. - ny been made by m 
going to take farms at a distanc: and obierat such 
— 
to Ete aa 
farming, not from any want of forming eigo but 
from the — in climate, T. v the 
country, regards labour. 7 
when bought 
our 
Cheshire Pumas were to go Forse wi or sins i south 
of Shay: would | m equally out of f their 
ain ng on a n 
the greater s 
T5 o work so 
u lay out your d in 
y 
anures, draining, ridding up fene 
you Know. what length of time you h 
rt outlay with interest. 
e terms and taken your un m, your 
We would 
ane land will carry. If t 
it will carry well-bred and 
good, sound, r ich jand, then 
large cattle; if Km, or thin-skinn 
or Ayrshire, 5 m ted * mall cattle w 
le. But any case se such as will fill your 
with their marbled | to 
that 
firs 
eontinaed to be ane TT 
This I must stio 9n. as requiring 
proof I know a ae 
the other part vars horthorns, 
Y. each. The 
well in 
1 find 
sorbet ‘advantage of both land- 
the commence- | 
heshire—then your chief 
the selection of your cattle, and your 
be put to the r Kap wledge | 
properties of a cow. say buy 
land be 
ed land, then Welsh, 
more 
soils it 
any breeds will leave more 
after the 
1 lected Welsh cows and 
Prt teed. £ ball, Te has | pretty mp ei 
stock uh s been thus 
farm | is D EUN "m medium 
od quite at fault when going from a 
farm to a stiff cay. Judgme ent, then, as. to 
ilking; but 
that you have bene 
ea as to the 
Jr 
consult some trustworthy and 
place. Being satisfic 
ed, 
t the gr 
you buy, 
flowing winter + pa e "Th me food 
he Welsh in fair store 
pri 
course made poor notes. But, 
cattle 
buy such as show 
eec bait pester the 
which 
00 
he Shorthors had 
onfidence of 
tenants, ae although it is true I shall ena take 
yu 
lay = aitaa of them, 
of | my duty to assist them, yet my 
GF 
cross from | penur 
“will begin | came 
w 
t the Phor ree [e 
cannot say 
| my emp tor e^ 
'8. Tim pels ma he third eee 
viz., Pluck. This e Sike ida my water, is most 
useful when kept within proper bounds, and, when not 
tempered by judgment and su rted b 
0: 
peo nity. 
Pluck or x is an indispensable ae for 
an improving farmer. One will take a farm, and 
á 
= 
E 
e 
3 
= 
EX 
ibt 
4 
© 
$ 
© 
E 
© 
$ 
E 
every comes 
in, but, like the grave, which always cries “ give, 
* give," will return nothing. o M will judiciously 
expend all he can honestly — ot, and will 
edfol We Fed call to mi 
purchasing ied. 
rupe gea emj Eco amount of labour, 
nmm Dey of his lease had accumulated à 
me sum, while on the other hand, the 
nurious neighbour who h ae wailed e very copper 
ame to his hand, had. not added a single gold to his 
original stock. It unfortunate - -€— that those 
farmers who have the e ney have the least pluck 
o 
to use it, and how this pem ccoun 
et rd eir ia parve a T vis p geet know, except that Nature is not extravagant m her 
—Á nearly 50 Res d of = gifts, and those t whom she gives the cash she with- 
ar which: we sipe ales, and holds th nse to use it. We arı oe 
n April and PCR bout yen a oy o eth the wind shall not sow, and 
and cost from ue to | gardeth the clouds shall not reap;" a i 
m quality, | weak-min — ho have not the pluck to lay 
thelr ta lenti in Hr oll desk, and, ; HER - -— dam 
let it remain only a talent still thee) ET it oul 
land, ia es in themselves, thi neighbourhood, 
n y. 1 
h to this part of the subject, 
cannot do better than refer you to the pluck y 
pleine in the. following advice— pho cn ass 
hand findeth to do, do wih al y might d 
