Jews 18, 1864.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 589 
E u keep much Modi; forit a rent w inter 
E rd NOTES, m eir food prepared or c Ants dy wil never be suf- ea on the outlay. Of the for hese two object 
AN MECHI. ficiently supplied bv hand-pow The cost is too|shall now only remark dem ‘it is of little avail to 
SEWAGE Deli D or GBA eat and the working of the "chaffcutt oo un- | provide a good cottage for the drunken, the lazy, 
E 1e bucer Eu reflect upon this fiente h i: remitting and exhausting. The steam horse has no | the dishonest ; and further, that so long as extra pay- 
Iur. (ed b ai own practice, the mor con- | muscles to ee are iy may work bim esset d ments ig harvest and at other times are made in 
0 of A jeriealtarat importance as s of ae he is amply fed | beer there will in sg ese be so many 
ing the farmer’s profit and enhancing the value} But does a steam horse cost in the first instance | tem mp tati iv especial ally to the kenness, 
: ord's land Kober men of these two m more than a real horse? On the Pre barely ed piri ge and dishonesty. Las s ge et rid of such 
frequently asking me * Will it pay? How is it to | the price; and as to durability, I ha ave me n" vo" nic mem and of t the —— together, and let us 
Bole Pus is to do it ow much —: that it vill vay very eere — rapid > gpl bon: om a — 
acre?” and on. First, t we wan easily fi , * 
d —the accompanying ‘drawing Toat sent] hhustaie. on = T o propose (and that w ithout taking for this any of the 
ee will s recently of two horse-power that m e purchased for 45 nei ae e due to his tese ) and there is, with God's 
:veyed as water that it can be | and is, I consider, most uio: I remember seeing one, | bi g pros of fo ing class of 
a Ee for about S od. per ton, or at|@ a three horse-power engine, on the horizontal principle, | abourers that, for sobriety, h nesty, intelligence, and 
e Cockermouth Show, costing only 50}. It was by industry, shall be the strength and pride of the country, 
e question, will it p tja | in small towns, or e pera z 
: n, L H 
j t of all, and I These small engines nea = — in fitting | large towns indeed, similar aid might be provide 
evi ‘hn TEE FE pay n sing, and will do rtical ones But I now spe - only of the agricultor rm pak or 
e farm at 2d. per ton, or r even at 24d. — = set small ‘oma ne J. Mech |t e cottager i in 1 agricultural dist And, w: th respect 
REFORM or COUNTRY PrIvIES. — Independent. of the t 
ng 
payin 
the. i» ws G pel sewag 
g crop Yor sew wage is Italian mca m 
| patty nm and profit o which must Rm ala n with 
e, | the ere is the consideration. of cleanliness and absence of | that of cottage improvements, there power Ga Mr. 
xD 
n 
after sowing 3 f guano dnd 2 cwt. of salt, t 
it with 100 tons ru water (a rainfall of 1 inch). "The | 
erience has -— - — earth Denton very justly observes, be attached to every 
t acre of l rg 
If I have sewage I wash it in 
; if T have been exhaustir ing my sewage, 
the washings are scarcely stronger than w 
L More 
P the "entm deodoriser, and i ainly E this be done, 
| cheap On the other han d hes 
decom mposer or liberator of all smells. It sets up fermen- close 
tation and _putrefaction, and encourage s the escape - pesila 
f makin | agricultural labourer shall be willing to ) give 6l. rent, 
our privy cesspools below the surface of the soil, and | and in the — es d a town, for a cottage with only the 
thus inviting € He eue to "wes e in, the floor of the | eighth of an ttached to it, there are many who 
to the wage 
for expensive "tanks, "pumps pos the daily 
Take 
own case—for coals, 
and. and p^ of machinery and 
interest nd ‘steam Cigine and tank, is hot less than 
16s, or ld. per ton. This 
because the 
reta should be raised just I would gladly diré for it 107 a.year. If, for mes 
the surface m the rare 80 that no Damm eere e Prince of Wales would, on his property in 
a, and that this arish, at a cost xot. exceedin ng 1100Z, erect igit 
We are indebted iret ttages to an acre, his , Royal ee igh 
. Moule for pointing out to us 
pailfl of diy ea arth w ill abso rb and sweeten much bb ar to raise up a happy peasantry. 
Tke value of the n which a cottager may raise 
main, there wo ould - an ample trowel, would relieve us of - horrid stenches which from a quarter o cre of land so situated and used 
m the distributing ‘hose, like that e every farm privy, in spite of the | as I a is yet 1 think =~ understood. m is the 
co eg honeysuckle or sweet briar that encases it. im ment in his m d social condition whieh 
r only exp ld ti foll oes A friend told me that a cartload and a half of dried wala fece of necessity cr em c" even in the work 
to the quantity we desire to put on. In my ca it | earth absorbed for six months the excreta of a school | of raising such produce. | ae is the increase of wealth 
would be "Ps capital 15 yards of: 3. MM iron ife to | of 55 bo "he earth was ionally turned over | to the country, by openi his would, amongst 
each acre, at 47. 5s. ton. Freight from Scotland, | and dried, and beat all the gu a fertiliser. e working classes new y Saat of i vee So is 
Cartage, &c., "o The 15 yad thus cost at yer youth should be taught to believe that the pro- | the penes value of the labourer to his employer, 
1s. 9d. yard, 17. "6s. 3d. or joints, every | duction of their food i is is depende giir upon the aa | which would thus be obtained. And so, 
of thes 
of ‘their ew = roper to talk 
ead 
3 yards is five A eta at (?) Man jointing, digging, &c. 
(P) Cost of hydrant, and fixin i 
om iti is becoming every ier etur 
more writes inii justifütble. J. J. M echi, June, 1864. hw spring up among a peasantry so improved 
as they wovld be in édition: aud Apron i tastes 
to show hi 
safely estimate the fixed expenditure ; a t me attempt 
he interest and wear and t n this af 20 per -— TAGE BUILDINGS. les : iod. The. gross ra, = i gaia ar Hus 
ns -A se excessive allowance) ; i yd charge for| Tux value of the information and of many of the | in fi neighbourhood of London is som metimes above 
this would be 8s. per acre, or 2s. each w ering for | opinions elicited at the late Cuties on the sub- 2007 an acre. ‘This is ; 1 
four waterings. To sum up for each day's wal deti ng:— |ject of the dwellings o labouring c can|ing and by well ie 
£. s. d. | scarcely be fully esti At 2 events market. What then, ifa 
Nes tear, and int fi 0 2 0|was then eon rte only of great advan uently no 
Paid for sewags; 200 (ans at 2d. $15 Q|already made — t -fiproVeienie but of the w. a to his r of 
: | being ter to stil further progress. aaa there | worth of which should be from 57. to 8. a year? And 
Serr ly strong ihe afforded o e time, with little cost of 
i. a sewage rainfall ofl “meh, c or 100 tons - per acre, 19s. ers that a "gn Jet tatti without the tet If, he pues fruits and vege- 
When I lai my pipes iron was cheap, and my attainment of which the expectation. is terly futile | tables iid in a short tim sure to command 
h pipes, in 9 feet lengths, cost me 47. 5s. per t will ever ny degree ood market? Might b i fairly look for produce 
Newcastle ; freight and car rough up to 57. | co-extensive with the ui Arat demand for it. For no in the proportion of two-fifi 002.2 This would 
Now I think they are considerabl rer. There would | one on € occasion attempted to show how g a year. on look on it :—An acre of Red 
of course be many fields that could be irrigated by open | cottages may be made good property by making them Currant trees 4 feet asunder, and trained as 
gutters; but even so I find that they cost 37. per acre; yield in their rent a fair return on the capital invested | es kept wen pruned and well manured, will 
and where we have to pay so much per ton for our |in them. And until this b e, landowners generally | yield produce worth 507. Av pe 
Sewage, it appears te 
d | will not build to 
m 
Ra command, will € 
.9 
more safe to use the > hose and jet, for in passing through | of benevolence. ‘with mone of 50. a year is a fact, that has been repeat again 
is apt to ink down uotum so, but man ym more will be unw : many and ia Now, ok fruits the large pe ing 
veins of sand and gravel, and is not so equally |quite unable. It cannot be niere in the slat mi in London (and these, if there were the supply, 
distributed state of things that. any large proportion of ou ould soon spring up elsewhere) would is and 
1f we desire to make our sewage stronger, we have | of property will lay 200/., or even 150/. on a cottage | sie produce/offer a ready marke of the 
only to sow broadcast daily before watering from 1 to | for which they shall receive only 2/.12s., 32., or 3l. core es would require very little of the cottager’s time. 
S cwt. of guano and 2 cwt. of salt, or some nitrate of per ann nd he agricultural labourer His wife and children could pick the fruit, and besides 
Ew ail res and "ir jp" is unmistakeable. | whom and to whose cottage I would especially rte, the money to be obtained from th’ urce, common 
25 vies g Gra cain , Í should recommend | cannot in his pest condition afford out of his wages | vegetables of ost every kind, if only the ground be 
0 tons of se t each udin ping tapete to give a higher rent than this, There are very many kept well manured, might be grown between the 
by all to contain 4 the dens ed iem A je no, and | cases, moreover, in which, with the average rate of | bush ides this, let a perch of ground be lightly 
before w Piva: skou using wages, even if he Miei bl gear ina trades e with a | railed i in for the pu e, and let a shed be attached to 
London y SOW li those ffici valls 
in accordance with Liebig's admirable advice; seeing "i senes por ames 
If ve the winter the hens 
0 oultry, and game do not go 
into the Sewers, and that the Pigh, Sains the bon + 
— value 75 per cent. 
Gr land, owin 
J. J. Mechi. 
GINE.—I ge it as a sound 
eX of 100 acres, if highly 
er, a a lay 
" bel 
maxim—*“ 
€ reasons are man costs | t 
ow, although Ih 
- Süersle pow fumi fixed steam engine of con 
most in nclined to have a smaller 
nedi e m: Be uring summer, w 
we do 
: the great engine, Bout. lighting a i not lane requite 
Sia oa we could cut up Grass, » Clover, Ta ares, or roots | 
g to town sewage, | 
hi. 
ver u 
pe never - - doe belt end 
for decency and c dior the eped would be utterly | wife kee eep a 
them 
| unable either to furnish or to tak the w: 
The att uid to meet this ifientty “appear to me which I propose to introduce into the cottage erp 
have been hit d dm e in d g dire | if they have a little flesh of any kind gi 
The i den has been while mehr grain they will commonly lay almost all the y 
Hag rote rere ien s by the dev ear mig! (wi 
double or of blocks of cottages or of h be added to the nough alt 
MÀ re rt secon Jo0L oat of whieh um ‘the rent—and why should not in thi 
allow 207. as | eggs which now comes to us ir 
builders profit ! Noa my my ‘firm: aiti is, that in oat todiqust Let wot the suspicion ar distrust of tl 
the ordi mode of building cottages, and if we seek withhold The temptation to 
the improvement of the building by itself and irre- | theft of Barley, which I know is dreaded by them, would 
spectively of o rd t one object—the | in inthis practice be as nothing — with that 
general improve nt of the A of the labouring which. the „publi lic-house affords. | And i on then on 
it two ot objects, between ‘whieh and this there is | soon become considerable ; besides whic 
so intimate a rates ion that one without the other | perfi eges for guano would thus be manufac- 
effected. net are, lst, the improve- | tured at our v doors. From these two sour E, 
| roe searcely be 
ent of the dmn us, mi and mental condition of 
the ios an and 2dly, ael or inadi nt of his i 
and of h animnm vp e the economical ar 
to 25l: a year might with almost certainty be added to 
income | the cottager's present reso tiora 
range-| But now let me 
ve idea of the cottage 
menta. of "his co " e the , produce of the which would € in effecting this addition D the 
h ment 
income, and the consequent improv 
