516 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, [May 28, 1864, 
of profitable steam cultivation. Mr. Kersey Cooper, of Euston, hiring of servants. It- strange that so many | b tter the working - man in these respects? yz 
rper haggling sura pb p eee p eople of influence eas ay in selecting the apo p 
farm in his occupation at Bowbeck. The farm is about niei) of operatives as subjects for comme T ai, iom on ri € is deed of Prof, f. Voelcker 
900 acres in extent, nearly all of which is arable ; 250 acres are | supposed necessit y of abolishing hirin markets was | lecture n the dins heric Nutrition RE. 
stiffish clay, 250 acres are mixed o: and the remainder, whi < pr need y. ftu T g ng iety in 1860, | reminded me of a phenomenon which Los a. lag 
was a heath, has the ehg acteristics of light new lan he Highland Pen ipi cies : . : 1 Tved Some 
The experienc e first s was marked by c palaan i| ® report of which is given at pem 297 of the Agri- | vain since, and of bid: I sought an explanation 
breakage as s might be ex} expected. from. den PEE of SA d but | cultural Gaz ette. for 1860, and you allowe ed me to | ae simia I x rodeo that in a railway cutting 
nevert ess es were cu ata 5 oe 9 M. Magie H n o ne lower green sand in 4 
pe f l, oil, wages, inclu ting o 860. The t Paka Homies si ee mud of which it had be Which 
1 h EE finite his. iia ie th he ministers of the United Prest yterian | ch it had been dra i 
Án ins ML Mx Closer wa dn! dashed wiih è n Church had s idees meeting (on May 6), on social | by the excavation that gnere the roots of Willo OW trees 
e work, that he purchased a new welvechorae | mo ality.” Is eda fe ew we eeks ago i in an Edi nburgh | |had. rte ted below the original water level į 
sea i à A ebd In £j 
— seiner. ready in ihe Aes. veis i. du | Pep g ‘uginous soil, a deoxidising process had taken ie. 
3 rious days between the: n D tabl able them to Acs Pueri or in other ords, the iron had been deprived of its 
and the 27th September, 407 acres were cu tivated, of which | remedies for the pec treniübu social evils, it | oxygen, to an appea rance by the agency of the root, 
219 e done t i er, ru in Pcia , atan rode: cannot be found among those wh this be explained? Again, an urn containing 
age cost fo , wages, and oil, of 2s. Sid. per acre, the dtum T} ; E 
highest cost being 3s. 6d., and the lowest 2s. 4łd. The pi t feelings of the worki ng ci | burned bones iir disc utei yet e oe „Bones mas 
crops following were the best that Mr. Cooper has ever gro or improvement in the sev al modes of seca nd | found a small knife, ay 750.4, 
and every corn crop was very satisfactory. In the year 1363, | selling of labour. Register yi ought to be esta- Thou gh the i iron implements discovered i in n RES 
rea prec 's EUN was — yet F P pibe a | blished in every market ang provincial den and i much corroded, the gie 
dati m d iun M ED or ploughed with Fowler ry agricultural parish, a xilia to “mops,” | bones was bnt sli ghily oxidised. In one ¢agg 
bal; la plough. Of these 376 à acres, 144 ere cultivated wice, | feeing, bs biring markets; Dat “the “gouty is 2054 ig gee di Mem oil, ihi the other ias 
ang ree times, ng a o acres, the highest | prepared for such a sweeping and radical change as the | charred bones preven e oxidation of the knife 
2 g 9s. 6d., e thé lowest 2s. x per acre. On the| summary abolition of publie hirings. Hiring rJ. 0. C. 
e ey 88 8 eee Which is hea nA 7. MET aes Le engaging ay meine throug h aa bier of register | 
times, ani eeper ti b ever i " | 
generation, a very thick erop of wild Oats sprang u after | offices a it oughmen being | 
the firsta orsa ag laica oa mp es Umdisted, iby fhe | able to addres rangers by letter. The majority of | ieties 
were very good, and the root sag were better than t the most accomplished ploughmen would prefer work- | NC AGRICULTURA OF EN 
on adjoining horse-cultivated fie! os te la m NT hed, ing a hard day's work to sitting down to state to | 
Y THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING "y the 
70 acres were sown with Rye for feed, P: e iti that they are open to engage- : si ember 
and 44 acres with Wheat. Isaw [m ropa about t im oe ori E abs m yi disc ra for bein g Pienin h of this Association w was held Ma; S at their offices, 
" ` 
back, and nothing could look better; indeed they presented a ttácli lee der th 
marked contrast to similar crops on land tilled by horse-power | Attache my native. district, l consider the Faversham. There were also pr ded nt amongst oth 
o ue and Er Re Tr E a the in bale of hiring in nae counties of b » Berwick, and Tord Walsingham, Lord Portman Professor. Voeleke 
costs—Wages are 12s. 9d. per day; horse Pata E al f h i J 
day's work cons, 100 oi a sn all 26 sida per day. 0 5 | Selkirk only re CERE US : UE of the requisite Mr Fam ond Barker, Mr. Fish er Hobbs, Mr. Rober 
several occasions, Mr. Cooper has got over 12 acres el et. a infu hd egeris mith, Mr. Astbur r. Beale Browne, Mr. 
but he estimates 10 acres per day asa reasonable day's work. | A la any farmers e engage thos 3 e who give satisfac- The election of ranns of the Coni cil "na was 
With Mr. Fowler's plough he did 7} acres per day, but as the | | tion for another year about a fortnight before the ike Bist pdEHe dod tot o alteration i i the lis as 
UR THAT te ractes y pl" the viplonielite- timed for | public hiring days. In the event of pop! ular employers mitted, which incl d the nam 
cultivating were a 10-tine and 6-tine scarifier of the ordinary | having a vacancy, it is a prevalent Asa for tg n and the Earl of Shrewsbury and x 
description, covering 44 feet in width, and travelling at a | men on adjoining Pd to offer themselves for t PORTMAN proposed Sir Edward Kerrison os 
t sse Vlad ton id SERIES worse ery. ae wa Hed bom ae vacancies. "rt the farmers or their st tewards know the President for the ensuin ar He E it ha "r^ 
WC tasty. worn out, and’ useful P e e ood character and good work Cpu 
c 
es aged at the farm-steadings; but if ie ons at the head of their body, but the 
ve been | the Pa dir are strangers the bargain, ig closed at |j. d numbered amongst its Presi agite Edit iei 
See Aue 3 and the present Speaker of the House of Commons, and 
the gentleman he now pro had been a most active 
and us 
em. This is applicable to Kelso propose 
eful member of this association. 
e first Friday of March, where the 
A 
1 m is in force. g many 3 Howes ath 
sted a a phe A ae erage distance of a a niato their masters Mod wt the The motion was seconde xim Mr. FISHER pir der 
er which I received last meri "Mn elias ere sehen à d with, or others are who | "™@nimously carried;. and the Vice-Presidents 
“satisfied A EA to te fum and stewards. The | ~Tustees were re-elected. 
i um d The followin te ort was read by Mr. H. Hatt 
roung ca = core maker | Dane, tli See tebe 
E: were than : being. erms in a DE market. S 
f diy darted eh — ven were great increnee Sine p tae > Se pres ie — - — — — x. CUP. hat, uA 4 
labour ihe eher en id The Council have the sratitcation of announcing t 
x a d^ tg DM -— 33 “horses erg zl th that ii is qi d practice ‘for Lanes and plo ae [as Led fous pened peut m erm va qe ie! 
ze E Ps qub f ch "TS g hav put in my root | me , Who are satisfied with each other, to go to th piis ven ales h em ed hia n name to be en! 
bui with. to po ace RR 24 given y vas ek market to negotiate av a Borrin for another | During (be epi fva ni onths the names of five governors and 
ut out to carters to do for me, at Td. and: sf per yu mL» twelvemonth. It is only those hinds who are changing | 136 members have been removed from, the us M death and 
r. Ransome read several letters written to himself by Ag masters a nd | who hav m got another emplo AE hag retirement, while one governor and 2 bc 
men who have had experience of steam cultiva g icity. f an bi agar . But elected, so that the Society now consi ists o. á i 
following is s brief summary of the letters, Mr. Ohara iis x what ie the cause oe so much confusion at ne 7 "a Governors s OF 
Ae kirk Hall, Fakenham, found the cost per acre, by steam hiri Wh feeli : ee niei P: 
tivation, to be from 3s. "ed. to 4s.; he was satisfied that he irings. ere a good feeling prevails between 1948 tite Members ; 4 
So result in his crop. Mr. Slater of Cheveley | employers and employed, the farms are worked on 3 Annual wr: 
NM Nt nde Peg: mete e - : * the tanima and giving systems.” That is, the T Hon norary » i 
(i 1j ani +f 
a deep at 7s, per acre; he was i sh I sud i hinds not scruple. to work overtime when Making a total of 5496, 6, being an increase of 53 nam 
e result, but he saw the necessity of remo fen required. from the commencement of the busy season in| he Council h r- =. Hon. Alexander 
havin: field m e Coun: ave elected o r-Genera; Lord Adr 
^r "e he rs dst that as fare panel tie spring e Ho A reciprocate | Nelson Hood as a Vice- ent, in the room of 
: 3 v cr S , Mo e able -. reduce b» such favours by not exposing the yearly servants to the | burton, deceased. d 
with the apparatus, at a cost of 7 UA acre for fs y^ BL inclemency of pelting snow and rain, and by indulgin The half-yearly m ent of accounts to the 31st Decwn 
water, and oil; and could do r day in autu ine he i|them with a holi on s din y 1863, has been ¢ fied nd approved by the auditors th 
thi nd was had, and 10 acres y n ml y occas e annual | accountants of the § Society, and together with the peere 
John Ferguson, of Wretham, said he considered" the stem hiring markets and pleasure fairs. "Thus eds of men | sheet for the whole year 1863, and a statement of the 
vein of the soil, particularly stiff retentive soil m ho are re-engaged privately at home go to th publie enira "of the x Worcester, — ere - 
most wonderful improve t i, ngs to m . | number oi urn: un 
tried it on very light sandy soil th Noris ani on very sui hearts. he *epeerimgamt oy ao enda, and sweet- [16,1557 17e. 104. in tho New Three per Genta, $00. 
balance in their hanás on m the 
: : and on tiff | h . = -out ?? , 
clays EN The result was not so good on the light | ria rg out ago so ak iog Am | placed on. s m deposit Mi riis qais aen Ist inst. W 
Tn ste: 
"6a. 6d. 
tion combined with thorough draining was ost agical ; | of good character and i prime of life would have 28 nok we 
mil ee i rs have been read at E weekly meetings 
came miles to see splendid crops of Wheat where little chance of bein hit a situation M stran 
Wotaimg but weeds used to grow, and the consequence was d e y - ants. Isuppose that this is still the Tav aves, on * Salt used as a Manure,” by Mr. ^ it Mrd z 
r pum cultivators were becoming very much the e eral p S Lp rcr ias Mi bie and Management of Clay, cbe d Bro 
fashion in that district of Lincolnshire, and the farmers were goner in a mode of hiring is better t M.P., on * Lake ore Education 
E z le price per d isla n “Nutrition of Plants y the Atm 
_ As a general rule in| A committee has been Midas "y h ome 3 
uM focus for a radius of | Which ought to be taken for the improvement Y. ti soil for 
x SANG Bagai nearly 20 miles.. d many of my schoolfe| in | o hone ai d sed Hia Fer AUS Et ra 
i r "m put bts A^ agricul- 1889, 1840, 1841, and 1842, and nearly pim relatives, a med to io ed by hs Society. B4 
urists © ical improve- | ar ingen within that radius. ploug and| The Lords Comm ers of Her Majesty’s Treasury 
f its RO their wives make arrangements to m se thelr” — applied to the Society for assistance in eae gypt : 
of its cost | sons and donandi s on such occasions, e because a few | design of one to etree ehh ate ines ios ol a selection 
du : can farmers on small means avail themselves of its | | men allow oo to display a little sxbériaoe of | | hid i dde do dar tne Gf rro x xen President; ; ande 
advantages iin e n. it may be said that in this country, | | feeling i in a rustic manner; , would- be reformers s suggest | pede ation has been received of the I arrival of 
| rir des 
o be secured by its us ow te tabl 
—Á the [of their rights—the exercising their judgment as to the | A special cottittéée Having bes abe Be 
e g been app approved 
"d propriety ie going to a publi © hiri ass The upper an - dr m ^ end suntin, ur Dar alteratio Pin the oe 
middle cla oug orm the several dut es calving "woubt be convenient and thus u 
= | whio h volů upon them as propri haces and a The arrangemen ote for the Newcastle Meeting, a 
employers, and abolish the degrading influences and | during 'the week commencing Monday the 18th Td 
ruinous i bly connected with horse- | ceeding satisfactorily. The showyard igna 3 
venire e bine tages of tho ning and other amusements we t meddle ith 5 
S who ir vet d hiring markets. If hiring markets and pleasur fairs Nude) vel Leila RE : e 
itn not t braen ie wil become " pecie. be tes reg I ee et snggest that the relation- mend Lu adi Her E ^ 
threshing has e, because a large ter and servan placed on a different | Ce it iE AME 0 
ne advantage of the sten ume d ving Friday . m Count 
p oan increased tape, the Au ‘which See Da t a em labou Wages demand ed he Annual 
rere small wa dbi. cA ee uu dd d 
or overtime bat ihe es, lay labourers, | hooting in 1365 abali be held at Plymouth: i rc 
r , where the farmers can demand the services counties ot Cambridgeshire; Ess ms feros à 
a of yearly and half-yearly —— by night and day | donshire, Norfolk, and Suffolk. o sud 
7 when grain is’ fit for harvesting. And farm servants eror tbe Comes get 
D aa sony t demand extra pay for working eight and nine seconded | » 1 
days a week. Are would-be reformers prepared to UL ORA BUB M RON EE s 
d 
8 
ui 
à 
Li 
