276 THE : GARDENERS' CHUONIGEE AND AGMO URAL GAZETTE. [Marc 19, 1864, 
n - rovince of Saxony ani 
l Prussian acre of land, (the whole | is 9000 acres 1 t sufficient cultural Society of the province of S, 
English acres) i ld t d come aodai y from d to Salzmünde, because there exi Br. b 
proportion too ir the acura of the farms, if so m nuch they ‘os ni ie in barracks buiit pec for t row found & more esté ient place, and O because 
of the good animal m was not spoiled. The| purpose. One part of them retu t winter| Mr. B. had = omised a warm medir to this 
i 
: : = 
about 807. per pair. Fifteen horses are sold out | at the sugar manufactory. r the numerous workers |, r. Gro ouven, to whom I owe the most of these n notes 
yearly, so that on the average they are 9 of the manufactories, ra H “has fo oun nded a specia oo ie mi is seconded be 
^ di d hee + à by | ch h istants, and very useful and inte er “a 
ears in use. T t victualling -house, the kee of 
are fed daily with 10 Ibs. of Oats, 10 ibs. of bruised | the proprietor and iharatots obliged to 
Barley, and 10 lb. of Clover hay, a food by which they | workman a quart of warm soup or cd “posed | pract ical and scientific questions referri ing 
keep "ec Ep very well, notwithstanding their| piece of meat at the fixed priceof about 13d. For faaie valtaa y the vean of Salzmunde are insured 
hard | w The working oxen are of the Voigtland | the other people of the place the following quantities | by several companies a value of 500,000 thalers. 
breed, "occasionally they are imported from Bavari ria. | of food are required yearly :—About 250 quarters of The dados and taxes loei yearly to 125,000 or 
Pearl Barley, 600 quartersof Ryeand Wheat for bread, | 130,000 thalers. More than a million and a half thalers 
by their live weight vd and the dealer who usually | 40 ! 900 1b. of butcher meat, 60 | are put in circulation there, and a ME rent or net 
takes care of om former, gets for the cwt. of lean | head of pigs averaging 350 lb. of butcher meat, pp t out of £o extensiy 
Fonai as much as he has to pay for the cwt. of fa at | hea ad of sheep ai e pres €: I ge E head | a bus 
Poe During pm years the prices were rat nally Ja consusion, I have yet to m an € at my 
Ts. to 30s. per 100 lb. of bute cher's meat. The oxen the aduy produce of 100 pos p the] visit igs ek ae I ene pen ral gentle- 
t th tl bows en of ied oya pi from 9d. to | men erent coun the pelle inn, 
and ier which lasts nearly the whol "ed, e labour of the farm 6d. to 1s. daily. | who were ee partir ud nsricultural students, part] 
year. The working ox en, Non Dur "m hea Those "oft Sh ponere Siti orti he it the | as passing visitors. The agri 
40 q of Graff, 25 lb. ressed Beetroots, 2 Tb. Beetroot culture (about 1000 heads) live in the adjoin- | live at cet inn of Salzmünde, where they pay ilio f ^W 
ofRape cake, and 2 lb. of doe The fattening oxen i Mee and bring their food wit em. Ihave|their b um and lodging (about 250 to 300 thalers 
0 still to mention the . th 
d p 
ts : e, well a e e farms, 
in winter, an asts about 4|  Thelive and dead stock of Salzmünde is taxed to | opportunity is offered there for the improvement of 
months, during which time they increase from | a value of. 23,000 to 2 000 thalers. Besides r the cattle | young —G Pas pe I regretted I was 
250 to — i per M79 e milk cows are|and horses, we fin arge number "X ho, eee m ee not intr oduced Lie r. Zimmermann, the head of the 
througho the tch breed, and 20 to 25 | machine: l te, such as harrows, grubbers, | agricultural departme nt, but considering the numerous 
heifers front one-half to o three-quarters of a year old, are meemeroet ers, chaff-cutting and bru confluence of visitors from all countries, it is a matter 
Holland y | 200 heavy er pea TÉ foateoot red 170 m of vw to expect this only by special indioak 
are 1} year old, fcm Ap are put to the ‘bull. The | Beetroot waggons, holding 70 cwt. each; 6 Strasburg | J. R, O., near Stuttgart, January 30 30, 1864. 
calves are all the butcher, and by this| machines with horse-gears, 6 large English drilling 
kind o sippy a gs breed is always ept up.|machines, 2 mms machines, 2 sowing machines, - 
Much care is bestowed here on the attendance and |and 4 manure dist ributo rs, &c. Societies. 
comer of these beasts, which, excepting in the H f 
ime, are driven daily to the river m | Lego. hus bandry, some emn A remain to sa: OYAL AGRICULTURAL OF ENGLAND; 
For va prevention of pleuro-pneumonia, which the industrial and other establishments of Sal RUE n of Clay Lands.—At the ordinary meeting 
t uncommon in thi 
factory. as d in 
Is our correspondent; right as to his measure?) | the Beetroots zu the pulpin dria cin enit Mr. Alfred Hughes, of Thornes, Lis of Wight, ex- 
2 Ib. of oilcake, 3 lb. of hay, and straw ‘oa litter Thereare desi hydraulic. age em votes about 100 tons planatory of a ven ye ars TO tation adapted for the 
ad libitum. On the average of 10 years they More than n 20, 000ton arm. 
each aA m och Mat DM 74 b quarts of milk 20, 0001. Mr. HUGHES o on at the outset that his plan 
Ali hoi d pastures are |are paid eee for their durs Ts profane of sugar| was something more than Er for he had had it in 
not vane erat ber AA osly. as dry io is td is atacan deg according to the à e the weather | work two years, and he sh ould not have ventured to 
possible, but plenty of fres! een 8 to n of raw sugar 0 Ibs, of Beet- | talk about it were he not satisfied of its usefulness. 
is m« tpe ia butter after the. Coder e Nn ril ot | metà "Yu th bed of 1861 about “1800 to ms of raw | He prefaced his explanations by laying down one or 
plea | PERE: PEE TRTA ix ptionk ranging to 12 thalers | two conditions as to the real character of the soil with 
as only a "sixth part of the fatty substance remains | per Refined — is only — for the wants of | which he proposed to deal. There were, he said, all 
in the chur: urne ed mi ilk, whil: st with the T systems | the household, em the raw suga kinds of clay farms, but the class for which he had 
mostly it is remaining. e milk, refineries. About 500 people s ves qeetehe, there | adopted the rotation was that which was not adapted 
as is usual from cows fed on draff and oilcake, is | during the manufacturin which often lasts|for the four-course shift, but land that would grow 
ny watery and poor of fat. Dr. Gouven never found | until the end of April. | valuable roots, but which defied the farmer make 
re than 3 per cent, of butter fat, whilst the| The distillery was built seven years ago, and is said | a profitable use of them after they were there—land 
millc from cows fe on p 4 per|to be a model in every respect. It was construc that was not kind to Barley. These pm; 
cent. For this reason 15 quarts of milk are required | for the cn te of distilling molasses at the same |deprived the farmer of two of the (most profitable 
here ‘on the average for one pound of butter. The|time as Potatos, which latter are, however, chiefly | sources of income open to him, namely the p uction 
latter is almost entirely consumed on the farm, and | used. The raw spirit is got by means of excellent |of a large quantity and useful quality of ae 
y in winter some of it is sold. The churned milk | distilling apparatus to a strength of 85 to 90 per cent., | Barley, and the production on the land itself p^ 
i e 
when 
f tha iny 
the mill and the dairy. The pure English breed is | newly centri molasses are vec keem not subject to the same conditions would find beer 
used exclusively there, as having t the best fattening later x supplied by esee Se w-sugar in the scheme wert would assist d His € this 
Mere and when the so fed p fa rie Aa re last se ait! tons of Potatos, been to discover a course ‘of cropping SU! burdens 
reach an average weight of 4 “owt, and are mostly S70. ni ns d xe molasse | soil to ety it : feo m the difücultibs sand heavy Abl 
iid at this age. distilled, a d pro bet ‘bikie dakot (about | besetti ts tillage, and to find a m: of ae land. 
Sh eep likewise are reduced to stable feeding, | and | 180,000 gallons) of Capit s at 14.400 per root. Trilles The consuming the greater pe of the rooterofé on t coles 
overnm ands well knew ss the ap the 
effect 
on the Beetroot fields, where they find ample food in 23, 482 thalers. The draff, as well from molasses as | were, , where the spring corn was t 
the cut-off shaws and heads of the Beetroots. In| from Potat ttle f crop in a climate like this, and 
ter time the hogs get each:—4 lbs. o po cay by the — ^ Salzmünde, but carted to the|upon Barley, the ble, most 
or cut-off heads, 4 lb. of hay, and 1} lb. | remotest farm sta! ae iene of our; vue Then again, in taking s lough, 
of straw. The fattening sheep get however 6 lbs. of| The production of ‘steam for the sugar manufactory | after Clover in such land, when they y came 1 Fa F 
mu eaat o aar wei b, Sakes” 800 and the distiilery is eff ee oa Ep | the ul cum aap seii ah and stubbo E elei 
1 lb. of straw, and 1-fifth pound of Rape-cake. with 81 horsepower, and 13 RS and t mp y ti — 
to 600 fat sheep are sold yearly at an ge + 130,000 t f | drills, and the work was look bey ene ae e the 
of 145 Ibs., and last year 10 thalers or about 30s. w eS bers got out of Mr. Boltze’s peat bog, at Bennstedt.  |every year. If the season was not Ree 
got head. The breedi sheep is carried on at . The corn, oil, an and sa endi chorro by | Wheat was not in till winte ter came, for alth: 
tas Tabeaio f Soboshwite where De iod d in the want of | liked a firm bottom, the seed of Whea! eat, like all oni 
about 1000 heads of fine Spanish Fx As is|water by a W slensengine o of 24 wer. seeds, did not liko : a locked up in water Pi 
mostly the case in Germany, the sheep are bred also The tilery is very peli viv d and more oil was to 
there chiefly for the production of wool, from which | 20,000 tons of clay are worked yearly there. In connec- | binding, the farme inb adopt a mode dne 
ihey wig 3 he 31 lbs per head at a price of from | tion mg on eo: ormer is a mechanism for cleaning or o the reception of the see decim vould ed must 
| washin orcelain clay, 800 to 100 possi yb , an a 
ES the ine piis sale of the late Mr. Webb in 1801 oot ye z OOO tois of whieh M ium C peau ot matn ai v 
f Southdown sheep, 20 ewes and 2 rams, | 1s. 2d. to 2s. . per owt . Besides the pciteirs building rapid irse pce es s eie to Mangel gone that 
Meg were bough by Mr. Zimmermann, and were doing very | stones—porphyry and dandatone scene quantities of if grown — that the 
well at my visit there in 1862. peat, iron-free sand for glass and porcelain manufac- they did not rere eit ane o weight or "or quality ths mid 
Of workmen, considering the extensive culture of | tories, chalk-stones, and pable of producing if € ted * ese 
roots, the variety of Salzmiinde’s husbandry, it is | clay, are won at Salzmiinde, and an ve trade is | Summer sun. att the system he had — for each 
_ Tot easy to say how many s are employed in| carried on with all these articles. “The « waiting x — wee ; visuntur ^ time W* 
. each branch of the latter, so we must confine | goods, Bt dir Maiora with: Maibui"jirite 4s | WUp, asthe ample and tr 
: egets to saying that in winter about 1000 and Les — navigation of two rivers,on which lowe for i the profitable edens s 
m summer about 2000 pedis are e goat Mp Mr. bend c barks in constant circulation. | sheep of a very large amount © grees sate in the 
Fang hes the ees is a d 7 eg Bains i add d tail on pes » benevolent institutions, wishing the heavy- ‘land —À wet der 
y biete; dt libs f 
San. x x duy. The ploughmen or ires ri ae riot and sick workmen, an in- | self-fertilising, In this way; n, € t iir 
> earn for example 4 45 thalers, or Ol. 12s., Meng fo bate an E for the improvement of boys of | crops home was avoided rer — 
of sou n years, a school church, end poor-house, &c., | roots that would 
appendages :—14 Ib. of soit py us too far, í-—— must E eanfing | core erp in arden etre mi 
he : om the 
ms 
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