: 
c dom: 
‘it Stood at 4347. From 1800 to 1805, it was 1571., 
abou! acre, 
APRIL 16, 1864.] THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. $71 
he ex xamined). | — But all kinds of “offal” are of less | Barley, during the first T ye ars, it was 26 bushels, and | and probably nearly one ton of mutton, have been 
specific g gravi ity than the fine flour—how then is| aats the second seven years it was about the same. | actually grown and made and sold. How is he to 
“coarseness” consistent with high specific gravity ?|Of Oats, during the same period, it was abo ut explain the growing fertility of € soil under tho 
It surely cannot be difficult obtain something | 30 Dulcis peracre. "These were the artificial robbery and of the very 
like the tru upon this point. I fearlessly|1801. Take now the average LÍ dente years 1860, 61, material of the ia which. has b hi tha occasioned. 
challenge my Wheat, not a bad sample of it,|and 62, three exceptionally bad years thro un ut the If this puzzles him it is — so forgets that 
mt such a specimen as that grow derman | country generally, though d pm the — re is something more tha eal al art 
Mechi last year, eighing 654 Ibs. a bushel, against | Cotswold district emi $ mi es kno dealing with mineral dead ean Oat fertility depends 
any half-a-dozen other varieties of Red Wheat of equal Pro a the wit, -— energy, a ind whic h are bro mM 
weight. e trial to be conducted by any one who: D, ; to bear upon our 
impartiality is beyond doubt, and rhe né Its in flour, | Wheat Barley. Oats g 1 
off: i : 41b. loaves of bread to be remet If Mr. Bushels, Bushels. Bushels man = science sh considers the ni £ 
lde n Mechi would underta ke s h an experiment, | In 1860 30 354 37 m ME as e question of the addition or subtra 
the t the matter. » 1861 r3 33 of more or less of mineral atoms to or from a definite 
any case it is always to be aren in vede thatthe| » 1862  .. 21t } 30 36 quantity, Ae iet nor less, which Nature has 
miller, unless also a farmer, has no interest whatever V Kotani oW: a poy provided—the man too who believes deg: fertility 
in the produce per acre; and that he seldom, if ever, ‘Thes e f RINGE kabl 17 bus epends on t aintenance o so-called 
uses any kind of Wheat ‘alone. UE al ii te ito ah vege mould in our soils—both might 
Į Mes ahs say in conclusion that I have oe d to|9 
hav of 
enc and th ts in all Sanii dpón «Agri C 
cult aval Plant Improve ," in which I take part, I 
should greatly prefer T€ rs my Wheat anotis. 
Fred, F. Hallett, The Manor House, Brighton, April 4. 
IFETIME ON THE COTSWOLDS. 
“The foilowin 
lately read ee the A aen Farmers' Club, of which the 
first portion was give zd 
IL Sra 
ick SHALL nOW My to" prove. ‘this eri n progress 
is the conclusion of Mr. J. C. Morton's Paper | were sold, leavin 
o 1801 
r to an —— ‘from | so icd 
hen a dry fio 
cat; 26 of Barley, aoe 30 bushels of ata la w 
dung the 14th year up t And the annual 
— - "€ et. pm — ‘of the century show that |, 
thei increa and g radu à - rough- 
out, tl ing d 
"Daring 21 | 
ok: swan doaph, 6698 endi 
r 66192, , averaging 260 per 
fer 
‘the idee eres ‘lands of nat Vale, xim stored by 
Nature, would be in a State of gradu ally increasi ing 
| pations. The thin arable lands of the Cotswold 
| district have en ens in fertility —paying 
| the 
| more than M 
Messrs. Brooks” had _— iate d as the 
rent of lands—about the sums paid to labourers— 
about the enterprise and increased — of farm 
of farm 
records as foll to Shipton and 
bid 1007, a year vine for oiio and Lasbro' but 
dry flock, for they 
per annum But. 1 resume it will at once <r felt that | 
this i is nothing ] pe = annual return now obtained | 
ep. That is now I expect nearer 
s. to 49s . than 0s. to r head per annum. 
acre, 3 was less | 
[ 
per aere all over the DN old mee = that if the 
produce was about 10s. per acre for p then, it is | 
= xceede 209. 
udge speaks in 1813 of the Cotswold sheep as | 
15b 
Thi 
‘Rich, wid "his E T worthy aoe - 
- 
Big then to 22 lbs. or thereabouts per quarter at | give 
|to 
rent, more labour, 
they have done. 
Pium da believe as near ssible stationary. 
It is arable, culture. which gives the most Beope for 
of plant ta. 
which, i n short, gives e most Scope to mind; and it 
der dri “thi accordingly that not only do we get 
ased produce of bread and malt, but ina 
stout p largely increased produce also of meat 
|an 
rtainly I do not believe in the soundne ess of the 
acres of arable land as we 
to boot. 
| Gras s lands of Glou 
| place to call attention” 
was not heard,” —so thatthe rent had, up till then, A - ous 40 ilicis s acre. Idare say Wheat would atga and tenants a Ln didtriot tá ‘inoagh 
pres tha Tre by more than L000. a year. , Wha w be generally put at less than 26 bushels; m owe gens use grown up. Butitis worth while for 
the rent is now perhaps the presen Bat oe K 32 to Re. G Oats at more than collect that the GE s lands xo ch, as bei ing 
us At all events since Hee * been doul ied Of course is the peat ac a very different | am SEU they so enstivusl y^ SAM 
Iu 1774 I see, ** Took Mobro' — in Ozleworth, dor style — — gs i “Dirge 4 ties of cake and | at the xe i and stop the uy B arene 
eh er we Torte — pm 1790, mappe sheep feeding, De e Swede and pie that the arable lands of which, as being liable j 
oubt still known by its form. gai Turnip V S have greatly increase d are grown fi 
“Called on Farmer White, at  Kisgeodté, 6 eae the with ip or id of sien, superphosphate and | bonedust, ee are the fhe reall Ir progresive 
etie ofland in Bagpath. He told me the old and the manure of the rand | have increased—é ve ES và the labourer his 
ös, an acre, and 1s. tythe, field measure." med me breaking them t m olor Whe wages, and they have xz die pe I believe, if 
7 ou who know the district, have a means — expenses gum oe in um. district have any inquire i umsidfices of the 
of estimating the advance in the value oni land. orm Era d increase: ur, manure, and cattle dairy farms of the Vale. me nd no more 
In the year 1780 there is an entry: o Wotton in Es d, e upshot i is ; that thore i is a double crop of | chee butter made cre now, tha 
ihe morning, EM took the glebe land or Mr. Clissold Wheat. s em the past 50 years ; there is a d. of Yüsde yea 0. e the figures (not 
for 8s. an acre. gee is ey n not so much, but still ‘materially in — i 
1774 to 1784 
What these lands ar e let at now I do 
But e bvacibady will pane from these Hs ‘th at Well now, we have all heard of the declaration of € 
Eve sels ast 100 years, rent has Mes in the district | the great German chemist that our eariduitare is o 
from 5 e 85, Im and probably now to 20s, and — e road to ruin. Baron Liebig foretells the exhaustion | 
225. Fae 24s. per anit Engi ish soil from what he considers our reckless | 
2. Of Labour.—On this point I have only the Did- T ultural mismanagement. Certainly his Leser 
marton figures. Here on 680 acres, the wages averaged | clash grotesquel h with our actual a | 
2601. a year, from 1774 to 1780, or 8s. per acre; from | history. What a contrast is presen y the island | 
Pes to 1787, 2727. were paid, n PL ore than enerally now and a century or tw o ago ! That whi ch | 
- ae follow Wheat—a rather larger, but not vem eet "Tithér Lie ei ae Rate 2 ^ 
larger E" ce of Oats; and there is a four-fold yield pe r 100 acres kept upon those farms, and there to 
, of mu tton. Au sque Pow MESA a more now. some statistics which Mr 
ee 5 Saad h : well done its Hahrütn gave me a few weeks ago, about the stock on 
g EPOF - er farms in Frocester and Coaley parishes, see 
contrast to the arable 
x farming = the ‘hills in in “IL p is for ihe interests of 
: nei and popon I e y 
n as to how pe M of 
may reasonably E 
| the competition "To land Sete, as dew. 
| the profits of the farmer to pretty much an even 
Su yate 
level 
literally 
For forest, moor, and wold, with wild inhabitants, we 
During se sev n years after 1794, i it averaged 
4482, or 13s. an acre. 
LOW have 
erds of“ horned cattle” of ae uar sort. And | 
t greater than in the Cotswold 
—- nee the past 10 years the annual labour of t 
od EM 900L, exclusive of iE or 
Pos 30s. an 
district, Ls if anywhere, Liebig's nerve might | 
| have been ected adr have been fulfilled. For w 
antag therefor both that rents have 1 
ears, and that the Aus s pdt or | 
ed 
P this district has in 
irisfesiód produce need 
Laer The 
The average produce of Wheat d uring seven 
Pai ora um Was, on these farms, 172 erem per 
segete this as 
chusiyely how eme the pieds pro- th 
going back ra 
dry g ET country of freo 
| open soil spread kay 
The chemist his study Of agriculture, 
* knowing that pias fed so TT ir Le soil ter gg 
Meri tions of the there. He 
Qm his labora ratory where pm CHE it hed and 
f | patient pertended washing of precipitates 
d t filter Deper FCR all soluble sub- 
al "ais 
he 
jii 
stances: 
a` di 
spread thinl, 
employs. How is 
P 
fertility, in spite of the great natural waste o 
aie ua oM s which. must be more n 
[battar yu 
dicc 
at | plough — TUNE 
uble | ado; 
| wherever you go. 
The main point on which. I should be glad that a = 
is the safety 
all classes of good arable farming certainly the ids 
e uio Qe Inne aa I believ e than re cheese and 
be L be-choapey pes 
out of e 
land exists. 
result of this — 
should be induced by it to : 
they do the request which o reaches them E 
elon up a field or two upon the dairy 
at present under cultivation. 
During th Mr. Thomas, of Lasbro’, 
which ensued, 
ere he finds | mr. Drew, M OUR a and others declared that it was becoming 
material M which, so far | annually 
the Cotswold lands. 
Y | Froceste 
more difficu - oe the increas o tad of 
rged by of 
Court, the President of the Mea that "the! (m and 
incre: eq amount of tenant's capital - vested in their cultiva- 
tion o to be under m e protection of a pra Colon - 
etnias called attention to instances vitta his own kn 
i phe mre a Hanger icd in Grass lands on Mir Mr Nt 
ssed his doubts. The "fo ollowing resolutions were 
leds 
“That the great improvement in Cotswold farming is due to 
aad care in cleaning the land, and to the extended use of 
[Seen po the vow Gomer years, off each and |" 
the next 7 years 163 bushels. Of 
every acre, 10 tons weight of Whee as much Barley, 
tificial manures and cattle foods. 
D, That to maintain this improved it i ingl 
necessary to continue the use of these means. 
