| ploughing—three horses not doing m re than 
Sn: = $ cost of about 12s. per ere 100) jore ie 
‘class of farmers living | 
"require deep 
THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
{Avast 13, 1864 
than the decidedly increased: value put upon ams. nimals 
that show a opos m: 2 pus. 
Th h System is adopted by a few, and see 
My exper ience is that t 
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the dairies 
adopted. 
Mr. Edward Bowley, iu an excellent paper on Bree). 
ing Cattle, remarks upon this subject. 
** My early calves Cain which drop from Decembe 
end of February) I aliow to suck the cow for e de — 
I take them off and give them as much as will d drink of 
skimmed etn sum. es = a uel, 
In 
of the Vale of Berkeley this system 4 
ee from p led li: in 
equal propor soon as they are in 
- E Supply. eA with pos pedes rie nd [A inclined b 
nths' old I reduce the milk and linseed to once a day, and 
in weeks cpm discontinue it Lat igett continuing 
the other food till th e turned out to gr: I 
th lb. of oilcake, rich I continue, in addition to their 
ot food, 12 months, that is till they go to Grass, in ti 
hich year the ed 
y experien 
The extra co of oilcake which i is a chief part of 
r. 
It | 3 of an acre a hed, at 10 and 95 acre 
is a system, however, which thes irit bo white crops, onc oughed, al s. per acre ; 
"doc in it, Lg: t UR Me nie bo Feat lts nm Por ‘Beans, rere about 154. ; we have then to p: 
the least ch id for the g of the country, pe only nds for T er and till £30 
to demoralisation and a miserable system of semi-serfdom repara of: ium s for roots vU TE 
which inaineaine s d eos PRU NE bim. to m dE 
2. I shall ee an Sowing Beans, Wheat, &c. +» 25 
farm of acres uer a aiad. anxious ae it Loading and hauling out manure .. .. 50 
ms and. ourselves prosper, thoroughly drained £170 
hroughout, 
= men and stock, on a lease for a sufficient period to | wheat seed 14 bushels =150 bushels at 7s. .. £50 
justify our laying 400 acres | Beans z m 75 » 6 n 
of the farm being in Grass and 200 under the p Monah. Clover. seed è "d d 4a eU oU sl 9 
t, , as to the Time of Entry.—A spring taking for | nm ess land, l00acres ^ .. - . 100 
dairy farming is undoubtedly the best both for outgoing ind e 
incoming pee I -— to bea wise provision tha egi £210 
amount of mon to be to an the outgoing jain 
in ing tenant respectively should be reduced to as low a | Ha straw, and oo Paani — " .. £90 
ml possible, cd th. un incoming tenant shall — his | ews n. k A 
capi ree to sti e farm properly, and n ve a large | 
sum of money locked up du "€: bis tenancy; and that the | "tm : husbands 3, eL og ha odi wance of 
landlord may not have the f: t non his hands with a | (ou Font an Wheat lad d ARM i 210 
heavy sum to pay to his outgoing nt, sometimes with the | y 
option of retaining him against his will, or of sacrificing £520 
large s before he can obtain another tenant. Sori Lsbon 
In the spring the large supply of hay, straw Da ip Hor. Day £ 
which' would have to be taken to at Michælmas, will pe wd YS LEURS - 
ed. Provis n however should be made in Wee For —- 50 à-— say 70x 3= e for Larae at 7= 80 
ment between landlord and tenant for such a quantity of these | Wheat 100+ 3 = 140 x 2= E 
VUE left abd teles U by the new comer as shall be required 23 = 35 x 32 105 » . 
his stock till the Grass is sufficiently grow: Ho Ed 125 + 16 x10 — 100 » : 
Pd Ire we had to provide for stock equa! Ml to 'es | - Manure Hauling. 
per cow, an oe we me them — Foei totime, A: PE Say 200 cows for 10 weeks — 14,000 
we had 1 or 200 cows from the 6th April to the 10th of | | daysx1=700 tons+35=20 daysx 
Map to koep rea weeks, pes may eie [^v Aeneid thus :— l0= .. as ais ít » . 80 
y.—100 Cows x MS eks x lewt., 8 of hay. M 
Straw for litter.— £144 
Straw for. thate hing = 125 tons of straw. | Or nearly 100 days for a hu orse ; lies outgoing tenant would 
t 
X 5 weeks x 3hcwt. = 90 tonsof ri have to cut chaff, haul Wheat, = es himself, besides what 
These iw should have to Ko at a consuming price—which he could charge to the p Myr 
leads us to consi I do not think that o My oen exhausted manure 
te to y take en into [Add The landi is generally 
is a ures, and the quantity of stock kept 
some pains should ensure a plentiful supply of Wes rien anure, So as 
ate Mam 
Fro! € ^ I have collected, I fiad t on rich dd not to esc the purchase of much artificial manure, 
land v ae d he’ Gras is m ed, "y bein quires 3 so | 8. Liv: T We should have next to provide 
o ntain duis ina rass on acres 1n, yun fe an 
iade into with: p. ag : | the T iod. n ns to have them in good time for 
report on 
mM | | the Gra 
ntain 1st, Hor —We should require 10 good horses, 
which goaa. cost about 307. each. Two of them, say 
| useful mares o bre ed fro om and ke eep 
hay. Mor 
the dairy farms near r Whitüeld in Gloucestershire, a = 
that 1011 ant £3 only of which w rable), 
stock equal S cows, or nearly 3 acres perdi 
Hay. — ad ‘ob rvation and oe 0| a of good ju udges, it | | 
Under the last two systems there i is every indiibe. 
ment for the camer to improve his stock M d poo 
beat under the two former there is none at all, con 
seque pe any ingre is used, which ditinishes th the 
value of the caives dropped, so that in the fen 
districts calves of. 10 da ays s old | are so cee rs 16s. e 
ven less, fe 
alue P the milk aoe ed. Wher 
P t year ost simply to 
commendation Roald be to rear your 
renes K do them well, bringing into the pi 3 
thoes Eo which are well grown, and the 
other d 3- Pe rs old. 
Having then decided to rear stock and to aim a its 
Riesin va hould have to consider how many 
8 
we ar ay ae suy be. edis sux fully the use p up the stock.|cows we ien uld keep v6 with the voung ones. "The 
average crop. ie we take the AE. Gr s to be equal to | g haymaking about what might be kept if the land 
8-fifths of the Grass mown, which is probably not far from | | and harvest-time the ey would not be bare too ET were iine 
bac an von of pt some data for calculating the consuming 2d, Sheep.—The farm should carry a floc f 100 TOU fliteeoosca 
Ub owt. o Thown, ‘gives 374 cwt. for the winter use. breeding ewes through the ints, dido with i their 30 calves. Mis j 
ee consumed by ly Son: during the summer months on a E uld be sold off fat every year. ‘This is better " I uu m — E 
DOE ewt. flock constantly, since on the Hak iren z d ae 
And 3-fifths of both these togeth . T5), = 45 cwt., con- pening.» > 100 ewes and lambs. K 
sumed during the a tee dad ror ths wile verdes of the 3 ther are are e deca ta the foot rot. These would be i horses and colts. 
acres rass lan niis for . 
. ewt., or 6 tons of hay. io —I shall not enter here into the question of| For the first year it would be possible to keey ep more 
x "ur age everson i rd CIRCE Me taken at what description of cattle it would be well to buy, | cows than afterwards in place of the yearlings 
expenses of attendance, r , dairy c — to | 2 years “the s ons. t it isn 
£ e have 121. as the consu ning value of 6 ton | upon a s I UN in ETE Tecturo call your | desirable to pur c dal airy utensils, &c., than will 
c ay, oF Hh pé rton. Tha on OSS tee eow wl nore ttentio n specially t that subject, and it would not a dU pane Wis the um is steadily at work, and that 
accustomed to let out their oni to dairymen at from SI. 10s. to D pee the he question o of : u vi he dairy accommodations are not sufficient. There at 
104 per cow per annum. This se a low rate, but much , 16 determine here either to mow more Grass the 
depends upon fe g, &c., and this system ea; dopt, viz.:— firs orto 
‘Aah Not rearing any s but purchasing in | 
eason heifers discus 
2d, Not rearing, but ss stirks to come in 
t three years old the following spring. 
x Rearin ng calves to come in at three 
do. two 
consumed o 
e years old. 
obe uie. 
tem requires great judgment in selecting 
upon the subject, agreed that 7s. be 
The E Hired Sys 
was the value of a ton of animals likely to milk well. The heifers wanted m 
picked up at private sales, but T 
i k 
Straw.—I have found that lewt. of em straw per week, obtained at markets, accom anied w e risk of 
and 3} cwt. of Mangel will keep ino di et aa uM svstem there 
equal therefore to 120 Ib. of hay. y 
n 
34 ewt. of "Mangel, at 6s. Sd. pure hasi 800 
120 1b. of hay, at 2s, er. per ton "£1 2 
ewt. = 21. 2s.,"eq) 
& year than it is intended to do afterwards, or 
m some leeren the best would be fo do. 
bot „years 
RNS, Nu. 
obje ct in ng 
assolet faigat in — - ip e to bear itis is 
lewt. of straw, ‘atls. per ewt. 1.0 pr y 
e same gee on as 
£2 2 
stem 
DM e Tee E ia are EOE cial | (ge fit vit A additional dd iat itis not so easy 
iable opinion 
m venis Mni "d E ed iar s and 30 2-years | 
"s 20 b o graze; and a 
50 ‘ord ary for hay ; a little 
extra tock of which on ia is always desirabilt E 
The live stock to be urchased would then be— — — 
20 cows ai ..!£2160 jm 
20 barrens » PE ves EN Ero 
100e " - m at 60s. .. 250 1 
10 horse . 800 LAM 
100 pire at 30 B: SLM C 
140: d 
, The stock will have to be purchased at markets 
and I should very y 
end great care be ing taken with the ibi. 
purchase, as it is from these cows that the 
s to be maintained, and upon which improvement i isto 
— of straw. We have then for future caleulation— |t 
d. perlb. | of the probable MN f suede: aai 
Hay worth 21. per ton, consuming price Es | Oath hey ca gera gen erally be Both the cows and P barrens should be selecte ~ 
deeb qn RE price = 108 e o a less price than ed the above prices will enable 
AT en d oae eas a them to do, otherwise much of the sum keep is 
Tenant. — xi ig at tie quantity of the od dicte, we eii The Third System is that most usually aer and in » patting flesh on “the animals’ backs Mee the milk A 
S> Dux take to, at + ec things amount- it has many circi ar over the Loin ones. E have the one case, , and delaying ! the ped A 
: ges XM NN Ur ee se is is hereditary: of not sailing see again from 
Les mu NS Bu uw: LBS reí. Pre EARE or The extra hay made aut sor ret 
an average of 636 gallons each per annum in 1862 and | to capital, as it will probably be dormant ( duri ga 
1863:— of the lease, really to meet an emergency. x 
ene s"; —— flat oi an kn in io way p^ Tow e 2 1 in 1862 and’63 733 gal call 50 acres at 30 cwt. — 75 ton at 27. = 150} of 
outgoin, enant m. ps claim Blo n 2; 
groun a y. may amount to about 2s, per acre over the | ^ ixi ap the stock will larger in the — 
G and, or say 50/. ; it is cer tainly be better to pay this than | Eviden s the € is not srantiniy: "em years, wh: oung à mals grow 
to ad the land trodden down by cattle, consuming it up | inferior pork are sold off as quickly as = rand 1 the value v the whole (at market prices -ii aars 
to the da font s to hedging and ditching, I think avoid weaning calves from them ‘im I know it, I am | not exceed the above estimate, for the cows mi row 
a farmer o do wink Vds absolutely requisite unable to adduce evidence so distinc taken as losing 17. per head each year Eid 
up to the time of his leaving without charging for it. It is thus evi id ently ! the interest e dairy farmers. to older. . We may therefore t think prety all for the 
Manure Hauling. -— will be to the advan ! required for 
tenant that his predecessor ha uj addien sjone stock € 
It is also ae important to use bulls the Doo EAD — We have next he landlord 
you I have ak cows in my pack got by pora i “We may presume a the that be / 
he | Herald, ghbred bull, the son of b egoci | eg an engine for thrashing, de "rantel, 
posing that half | which edgars to the late Colon ingscote, and was | shall e engine and machi » 
a hashed oak it would ps as an — Short-hom milker ; ils and that all the necessary pe ee ir / 
: oe ue dd cows gave on vis in 1862 and 1803, 642 | food, boilers for dair, oses, rovi 
" spl al cede eer pense ur tine Me Clover, gallons per annum eae For the Dairy we Should - e £ 
SL {blak half years rent upon the Clover k bles th 4 rat Bucket a Se oe e HU 500/ 
: it eaten off. mprove his "herd as milkers, and by care r7 may do 1 large tab EN ou o0 9 
th, and inrees tiir vae ue when turned off to be ore 
grazed, for nothing is more marked at sales by auction Carry forward =... 0.0 ARAL n 
