d 
NovEwBER 5, 1864.] 
THE _GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND cried GAZETTE. 
1067 
for — tch, | 
in which be will find s ques estion of co ts fully 
d, as also e decidi question will i it f m 
| ture which are controllable by landlords or by tenants]: 
And i is it not an adm itted, a] roverbial fact, at by|s 
t 
ough most 
in various 
Tu a 
or by both? Are there not gt such 9 mies hi A A county are an off for building mter and 
e go ood pk und i 
he | 
a € 3n yos are 
these are re frequently in the 
treate 
answer to this we have already seen, p. 1042, that 
laid out in atiti will produc 2L in extra value 
crop. But here again is to be no a difference 
I bl d Grass. Half a crown laid out on 
er 
well till ed land produced 5s. in the next crop of corn. 
on Gras 
a 
| xt mi ht be obtained from the soil ? 
s land is slower. ttm agr 
nearly every district of air a vast increase of y 
ih. is it that the landowners and publie | 
He ere, again, the sete ire ive of an agricultu ne 
district and the landed classes — have said a word 
proprie Ai aud perbaps with ed So 
exclusive tulis at the local 
P 
e|in reference Ti that c 
once improve a 
to allow it to be broken § iv M the comparative 
slowness 0 ae arises, os the Back 
Nat +} 
ness of ten prov e thei 
improvement 2 “this is edo P» i ng eren 
there is no reason to doubt, or that the interest of an 
icultural meetings, so seldom even aj ner-stone of agricultural lim- 
topics which really and pesti y affect the interests | provement, a lease, Mr. Read sai that in Oxfordshire 
of the farmers? This forcibly illustrated at the | '* Farm leases are the exception, not the rule; one may 
Thame eel beri which met lately in| be found here and there 
TI which two of the county | from yearto year, subject to onths’ o qui 
members Colonel Port "id Co lonel Fane, were ur peo ^ pos like ging pos die pt e 
present, What may 1 y did i e days of Arthur You nng; ‘to gr 
ided, but the Rev. Mr. Ashurst gave the eases is to ners avay jue esta te; itis d nd A 
to & 1 and leave your ten + But be asked 
eal ae = agricultural questions, whee 
he said, “In an _agricu ral district every one must | 
feel leiten 
ree... 
where wd gigantic «ad permanent dolus ferr 
n Ox 
found ? fordshire d in the Lothians rmi 
ed ' 
g el peculiar! 
t any rate the manurial value of m When the aa mi well tilled and bereit ioa ME estates p ve been most Lue ‘by the tenantry, 
an the cost ^ the cart dung laid on | state of em ion, it was advantagcous to the landlord, pm or Holkham? T is to that a 
since the last hay MS oved, m M v profitable to the tenant, an — ficial to the — with a lease in t with 
and would NnMN e cheerful paid in providing him with erative employm tyi ity. Under the year-to-year system he seldom 
I conclude these a Conditión with my | The rev. , Kqeetmgen “then Coleiro to t the heart ms his land into a condition that will admit of, 
thanks for the spac re nted to me in these veg show, whic ) was combined with d agricultural, and | exhaustion. The clay lands he county are in 
I began them with the hope, not of teaching rked tt drawba ck the 2 enjoyment of the same state as they were a century ago. omo 
brother farm to farm, en of showing them the exhibition of the day was , and | Every agriculturist must w the great difference 
the concentration of capital on the land is not | the obstruction caused by the Mrd and stalls at the | between a farm where g expensive manage- 
y rofitable but also a secure investment; that | entrance of the show ground.” ment is exerted, ryt another in which the main object 
Here we have the ball of “agricultural improve- | is to do ittle is ossible. Be e of hen ha nts s 
ment ” fairly set a rolling, and the farmers might 
ers and 
n may be assesse 
ould be ama ttA pet i for. And if “my conclusions 
reasonably Mach 
landed magnates to take up the game and tellt thers | 
Ite nnot | 
weeds: th at p 
pital i 
08 m 
connty follow the latter course, y kno 
t in six rin time it is s possible [e th (4 1 to he 
removed, others will tasn enjoy the benefit of 
their improvements if fhey have made an 
tis 
tha 
extra crop, a 2 the of tl ted may 
y^ 
ere, again, an agriodtvert] “Tepresentative might 
noted past improvement, if any, and have stimu- 
be secured, surely - ie making days the 
impro ovement of our — m^ em far distant. How 
s for such an improvement 
any one travelling 10 miles over any part of England 
cannot fail to see. J. B. M. 
Toast Ot 
and the tenants * the Thame distet 
poire me T - yos rie) of Odi in the 
Then, in 1853, it was reported that a The improve- 
and rtant; 
AN yh 
aa wert oa state of 
mpor 
the principal are of such magnitude that d; can only 
SEWAGE. 
Havine -— ingen by afriend what I mens Mi 
eninge. agricultural "h^ p» x ford pi y, and] be origin nate AA Sed landlor e Miei the NUNT 
arou nd Thame i in , particular, vie sure y might have | there is grea of better situated, mo extensiy sivi 
of the landed interests i in Oxfordshire f good farm- Pall the extension of an ina 
* Sewage,” I s pan Me, or answer :- Thus we are told that * The Tha stream [a | syst of drainage, the steady adoption of some 
a hot Ju ly din. arite ee went t tribut the Th ames] is in a dreadful tates in Sectra] means of obviating s caos inundations, and 
herds of cows, stall-fed, pu o for the dairy, the e some pa arts „the river is nearly silted up. A good|giving the occupiers of land increased security Me 
for the butcher. the waters out. There have been | tenure.” Now, if anything fuste. j^^ don 
They lay upon ‘pare planks, each plank 4 inches ‘wide, | 17 floods in 12 months, and a third of the hay this Rino bod "eres the the a improvements 
and 3 inch apart; a large tank belo ow received all the | season [1853] has Phor was shed away. Many years ago | anty members, win an cultural 
sewage,” | a commission was appointed, and the bed of the river |! kd could not have allowed a pret. so pom 
and poured over it. The cows were fed he | was cleared out the occasion, and so creditable to the land- 
Grass, then being x for die E — The € dairy | i “provide for de necessary mur This egal oda of the co nigh A to have pe aig gru ee 
cows had, in addition, som pha Qaia with needs Fred Saco and ed oopa of the meadows | Those who know ounty well, say the 
chop; s the feedi 
som their own sewage in fact! 
yard, look at the gutter down which. sew d 
ou will geo Ar 
— which neither horse nor cow will eat; 
go the ha aystac ck made from 
i tate, without seed, without nourish- 
ment in them—neither ho 
y. 
ree nor cow will grow fat 
i 
d I 3 ver meadow 
selling the hay—but do not eat r f 
duce stablishments such as I have described. | 
Iam happy to say that both failed, and were given up, | 
I no — establishments are now to be 
and I hope 
found in the coun 
uM - "we d ] Cheshire plan is the cleanest 
Des Y 
LOCAL AGRICULTURAL MEETINGS 
Tur yearly m 
PEN Hall, October 17. 
h 
the jand i ntersected by t 
| rit the destructive su summer floods w uld b 
0 
and | dry, 
— with soil and spread it, | 
Grass land, | mem 
use 
of land an a rua] life, wh 
Yr. Asha A challenge to 
TX eed of 
frequent.” Now 
e Thame bean e 
‘have elapsed since 
encouragement 
he county members 
as not, how 
1853? "Il sot why b s f 
it h 
lave more usefully o 
e v d TS 
8 la dies 
ence the slightest go 
e 
ge 
"two yo ung children, v did FE e 
in obtaining access to b ihe 
he wandered on about peep- 
two 
show: w-ground ; ;" and then 
"s rie an consent no 
but the fie who have suffered losses from 
| floods 
eas 
y f 
otter m the 
farmers. me wou a ap uri en 
he had i seen the ploughing, Mid that he believed 
not | with Mr. Henley “ that after | all the be nefits deriv 
E 
ei intimated that steam ploughin gc deis 
The farmers don't want the put: in dow 
wner 
| Parliament men to , come down to their sgricuttural 
wit 
nty, wher every agreement directs tha 
N tees ‘tea water- Miu? a to be well cleansed Sky 
r, the operation is aps P once in pon 
e: lf of the choked td 
quan 
d. consists 
want to make these occasional publie m » ud 
owners and tenant- Es the peda ies of "fe 
discussion of the realities of agriculture, Economist 
ng of a 
in ep ra 1 according to the leadin oblemen and | ars. ditches, now 
ntle talk on pe occasions, & v ga t ret r trodden nearly full by cattle MA GIF ea x 
wher vp the iat may tickle into Ee ee no chance of e SOCIAL SCIENCE CONGRESS AT er 
motes ean rus of c Pe AA es and poisons the pers In the Agricultural Section, presided over by Mr. H P. 
other, and. offer sundry Pius Fo’ expla: TIT land. no doubt that n at little cost an immense g ' pane wora were read by Pub a E 
they directly Sia oto agricultural | amount to stiff meadow lands | and others, of og i 
ty at least tend to foster a community of | by proper attention ar to debe 0. I1 e d RUM A 
sentimen ; between the class of landi a a gt rer er" ot Ag A. — 
— - of tena - X and thereby in dicey aay the eurfice-water t T ee Rector of Stilton, read a _* Agricultural. 
promote that co-opera! of the two classes, withou the diteb, land now orsi ely wet|Gangs: their Influence upon the Morals and the 
which, pem improvement remains a nase would be comparatively ~~ wit chont. the expense arap of the T The oe bed et 
ntity. f And this applies especially to the | cultural gangs as MP orm of PE ae bour which x 
an i a ue 
ment of the art and poat, of husba their 
tunities of c 
andry, t 
oppor- 
mally into contact are few 
“Seen district, Bice is ei a clay soil, 
largely of “stiff meadow lands.” | 
last 25 y 
ould ‘not a hint on mainly. confi uo J ie district 
arora! By 9 
en at ae poer. Spit ing, Hull, New 
ming. perso 
and far between: it would be therefore most 
and wise on the pr of the landowne 
ers to av vail them- 
jeet by Colonel North or 
| wasteful omission on t 
e 
the cc mecs “and the te GA ants? Would not three or Romsey, an 
| Colon HE Fan ne have excite attention to a grievous and 
rt of o farmers of the 
Cline, er, vii ause of a fearful 
amount of ratte, illegit im nk esd 1 immorality of 
every kind; but the writer wished t goma er e 
especially of gangs of children which | pre 
e pa 
district ? And might tick one of thei 
practica! 
ing is quite a bin 
Oxfordshire. or are these evils easily ji 
[rid of 
ically useful statement in pe or expla- | 
ain, n Read says, “ A well. cir 
There are the buildings, and rearing new 
ailed i 
e, mbridgeshire, Huntingdo dice, knit 
Northamptonsh: des. These E consisted of children 
of both sexes, numbering from 10 to 50 0 or 60 i 
| An undertaker m from the par 
tracts for h die farmers "y so much per 
The ages of the children 
score per day, or per rr 
