eet the demands 
; Akehead, March 7, = Steam CuLTIYATION.—Mr. HOLLAND, M. P., read AE a up vemm of steam culture had 
“Since I last addressed you on this subject it has been t 1 the n better wages hi 
Mee v rt gs ee Me ey rater ne na Socks | of machiner y—more especially the application of steam - een to giv ges, Eins ome 
little book, entitled ‘Origin and Pedigrees of the Sockburn | of ma 1 f the soil. P ish In the moda tio on, so p^ at they demanded as necessaries 
ote mina E Ei Robert OOl Kylo ray in that of f mited mies a this coun ntry t ‘ther a cont inual of. life a articles which were denied to them as luxuries a 
uent in T. T ite d 0! 
qoc uo E ce os (ts elnne of tre introducti of a 
es for the who m Short-h ur w 
cows, t that a son of discernment may easily believe | year was taken from te p [s uw d extraor cy As the area of cultivation bios o lest, 
Aena “pull X " y of "Mr. Charles Collings Paia aiei, - hice vim anh t, the cultivators of land would rank 
toi s and any o! r, ^ : . 
* Wellington and Barmpton of hi ‘pall a aa Mon v pek ual to something like two Birminghams and a-half | & ribed as "i E y intellige e Y 
softest i t is bulls, as was Moss n ntelligen: praes e 
Tis cows and TE hai lice all their descen- | in area ; railways a SA d ot other wants of civilisation also describe as si kilot ded i ige i i 
dants, than any I have ever seen of the cetton: 2 ook tines lai Ad. 5 d 
li has been asked by *A Breeder,’ ‘what was Punch’s Ee land, the space vw which the produce was to be |t n] team g a great; ^ d go ^ 
pedigree by the mother's side?” On comparing this e vc d 1 AR the 5 application f lasting bene t to Aib coun y" 
and pointed Seed an NE NA been state "i by Likes obtain grom as ess. ch q ead her Ride way a Mr. C. W, STRICKLAND, 
Hutcbin: and also with Major Rudd’s pedigrees of some er am-power on į 
Me. Robert Galli’ Stock, it would seem ai ares ave that the dit m Pn called for to Sapte the com- | Howsh am, York, read a paper “On the Ay: set a á 
men, fiero es hd uus nia die dire Sf Ban, the nire of hand-loom in manufactories. The farmer hitherto | gpa Plans for gryr Citage wri wed ga 
the dam of and of the granddam of Wildhair. Punch | mon the d Social Bea: st. de Subject." He referred in 
was also the sire ofthe dam of North Star, the sire of Golden | had been HEN or less at the mercy of Season, an wein t to à el dite! iala 
E also the great "es Moos dé mba TORM the slow movements in agricul- | th wh mt h of the rinciples of ‘eonstrite- 4 
ee ree ty rear ME Ao Galing tt | tore compared with the pets Mies cote vem 
uently crossed with t mprov. ort-horne a n the sister sciences. causes 
the best Kyloe cows he could procure the produce mado very the isolated life of the farmer before railways, ine |S can be Teo et he proceeded to point out wha! a5 
up, finding Ghat ander than the pure Kyloo, but he has reie | uneducated state in which he lived the feudai rights opinion is chiefly needed at the present — p 
up, finding that pure improved Short-horns are more profitable, | U : : , 3 : that knowled e fur a er; rage - the next place, he. 
“ Unquestionably * pure improved Short horns’ in the senso by which he was still encompassed—tr melling his 8 , collateral matters, 
by Mr. Colling had a very different meaning from “pure efforts to advance, and preventing his being a free few remarks upon ri 
My conde aie le Dl. be x nan deont to | agent in many ways. The rural districts at the com- specially respecting the question "He sid there a 
"ull a ri n 
more profitable tham a eros between a Sho ort-horned bull and a wav Peete the ce eS a he Y tme The | interest to those who _ build them. He said there was 
yioe cow, owing getting more size, and by way of | ne was the salvation o e country, 
distinction h called. them «Improved. Sho: rt-Rorns,? "whieh he most beneficial to agricultural labourers. "That law | nearly so much as it de eserved to be, but which meh 
ance of Short horns bu wa rl they had the exterior appear- extended its protection to the r As necessitous, „in- | to be generally useful if good plans nt dh um Iring 
“In 1815 Mr: Robert Colling said in the presence of the | creased the comfort of the aged and i This is a pair of ee Aid < in ti 
POR M. P. Mk I know Oaa of Mug the independent labourer; while the p^ rider ite: of | rooms eg irs gt two se pru un ani t 
cattle I gorge Y, he also saii i i one, and with one living roo 
*Ben is the. best blood.’ Ins Ponting of the "Fifeshuo breed of boards of guardians raised the character ib mes, u tuts bed-rooms in he other. This ought, he 
cattle Mr. Cully observes: ‘You would at first imagine them | accusto them to the transaction of business in t ir of cottages, and for 
a distinct breed, from their upright white horns and be g | public, and under circumstances i the conduct | believed, to make tter pair d 
exceedingly light eyed and thin hed, but I am pretty cl was inised and the character formed. With less money in d thi 
it is only from their being mo arly allied to the Kyloes, : ist a i A ined ny other, and throughout the hi 
and consequently less of the coarse kind of Short-hornsin them." | 1 previous existence and op tert lt l di tzi t uy e lieve be found 
Probably this was a portion of the valuable inf. tion which | the Bill in 1844, opening the poarta and ge Iri S x 
- Colling wi Mr. Cully, and hence I suspect the former free-trade, we should QD have been able t of cottage. Sp = 
of these eminent breeders considered the ‘blood’ of Ben the with other countries in the producti in of pow the question of how AN baldios is to pay, 
best, owing to their combining the size and appearance of the i Strickland | sa. id he was abundantly co onvinced. tha 6 tho 
Short-horn with the valuable qualities of the Kyloe. What else | this period the intr sani of WT in “bias " 
was there in the pedigree of Ben to induce Mr. Colli g to call | ture became necessary. As a result al deis 
his the best blood. For we are more ill-informed about his and | had i trod dts the sieam-plough. Stea m tillage was | asa commercial speculation to a profession ii 
mest oita ortae bogey ni a e prominens tmp of D Brits agrioulture, and by | except possibly Dot by no means certainly—by sme 
connected with that of the Ketton stock also. it land previous fig ned was smashed u third | kind of legislative protection, as unjust as $ M tes 
Pd tiger MR d bee i =o ‘Judicious | of the time me necessary to enltivato it poli ae exemption of rc ne rational 
provi ure Sho; R meii urin em w 
Loo me lag ot nid in’ the Wetton st Barm fon sales A in , egg " XC “had “en d ] prn Hi “than that which other kinds of 
e of breedin, ed P s : i 
cattle; and it marks out the course to be followed by other of working steam-power, and the capital requ property are with. But the uld as 
improvers of pe ponent cattle with the | in eg it, while orses, | doubt that it would well repay landlords and emp 5 
Gaur peas we in wholly o ae M side. | Which. did much harm, was priate and the | of labour to provide fitting homes for their ie = 
Perhaps the time may not be far distant when this mods of | evi ect aes f seasons overcome,| After referring to the fe eelings of independen d 
AP Where alae ee ue, iir trial even amour the Tonig hoia Great economy of labour was obtained tas, well as an pania be h the poe of pisces p; 
Aes ar i j n min 
servation, I think no Se Kyl e Ought tovteigaemcn, tese 1 nerease of produce; but all this c ds ld no t be accom- | garden pase st 1 ender in $ 
it necessarily removes the process more remotely, and pli ished with out a great outla 
after. 
972 THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND sois GAZETTE. [Ocroszm 8, 1864, 
poem pem 
the Red Rose at the Barmpton sale, as the o latter e ful thing in elevatin. the’ hara, m 
» erry Ke by Ben, and Daisy’s | and the most powerfu g g thec 
BU eee pa e aie omega per ner be Pe A vine : Mt. Charles colling’s of working men was the providing for the: 
“y ndent, den in | tees tie superiority. of t du lieve called ‘ Du | s E and promoting respectability in dregs, 
en! : - i isi antly I believe cz 
his letter on the pedigree of e barp seems tan aet 2r e emer - what is ignoran dy | doch th team machinery TS 
y nde AS 
á 
®© 
E 
d 
[-4 
a> 
PE 
pn 
D 
b» 
=] 
f the Barmpton | Decane i so Altered that he had been able to shut y 
e ing’ herefore. “ Nor have the public estimated the value o! 3 r 7 pE 
p pr mm ame repe c € ^c a B. states Stock in put of the *pure Short- horns, as appears by the ublic-house, h in lio ni 
thus:—Nocow or bull can ever be called a Shorthorn with a | following prices obtained at that sale ae QN each | greater extent in a large room provided wit 
Grafton’s Penelope to Scoto pohy t o breed racer as a cow Fa Aribe; mount i in GM light, where there were social enjoyments, 
we grandson o toa ce pony to bre Nis - 0 jo 
i 48 he ith this. Example had had d 
ni .e 7 48 sieh to do wi , an 
that Mr. spon ims e i not aea on this point) did 2 4. Golden Pippin zi on T. nha having, also much effect on labourers? 
think the stock got by the grandson of Bolingbroke properly | 43 . |) Notclassed.. | 2 Ir course of time it ASE e found 
called a Short-horned stock, and from the preference he gave} — t 7479 79 n box 
to the tribe thus descended and from his unequivocal assertion 71 Total amoun ssing’ upon 
n ^ OMM Seen Denna ho HOYSnLAÓS Sd jlo or ue decision dons management. In his mor. case he 
them entitl © be considered the best of improved Short-| the clearest and most unquestionable eviden Te gran d | stéssiü- lough and two other steam-engin 
Do derived in order to | of the public, who were totally unacquainted with the grand | steam-p i been obli 
3 d i der secret, and also of the Moers Colling Seme Te s A and had not, in any case, 0 
£a evident, have been decidedly partial to Lady and Venus, engineer; the whole of the steam work in his ocen- 
“The merit of judicious selection, and, I will add, of | Rose and Wildhair. d breeders of cattle | pation being done by labourers. The Population of this 
Grossi i is o nd his E wal ould seem as if these distinguishe enh P n d in agrieulture was on th decl; 
i i hich | ha phe e to work systematically, and they w em em a prod country employed in agri e decline, 
he gent them forth to the world—Improved Shorthorns. suco: ssf To use oe tetas of Mr. bab Serre ag or | In 184 p a 
matter for Mr. Baker to satisfy persons possessed of any know- | Jess by the Kyloe m. : 
hort-horns that Mr. jean cows deserved to be ** Perhaps Seness whi 
ce Ced, but t as I consider what I have previously advanced is | hitherto Ses the grand secret has bins highly Bice Fol 
cia 
e to stam. 3 96 i. 
peri arried on throug! r 8 ; 
blic estimation has Stic ga met Seat ey ed (ped in EE rs, on upon am HÀ thé seerét been prematurely divulged it | 180,298, from which many were in the habi of 
pd M4 which take the following facts:—Lady, by the 'grand- ria probably have given rise to that diversity ope: eae he country ¥ tat 
son Cierre Sold for 206 maine: Cour meus her eat and opinion which «- —— tly have a tendency to whereas it was just th v 
daughter, uineas ; MO daughter, for 210 210, | bury truth beneath a load of rubbis À d 
edes mt vA pod pes have more weight than ot the moment when the population employed in agricul. 
satled by tho highest” authorities. Tui; om ol pb SOCIAL SCIENCE CONGRESS AT YORK. | ture is becoming less, owing to the advanced state a 
, e 
BH ML PS [osi y " 
| [In the Agricultural Section, presided over by Mr. Ho a : diminished i | Which food wad tobe 
^ Improving the Breeds of Horned ers were read last Wida by the President, Mr. Strie m 
na UE RUN Ca e 4 ir Gordon, and others, of which the following are abstracts. ] | V 
y ul pursuits, he conc nelu! at 
id reyes rs m of the "ey Papers ts e ral a “Beit Situ A equisite for security of property. The with a few slight remarks upon the law of settlemen 
i ever ri ied wish to guard the co! umns of your 
muüsrepresentation, either direct or fii a M ea day roa eee 
a 
urred in the opinion that Government pu 
„I tke libert, of addin; rtant esti than Mitis of former days, He made greater requirc- | conc ve 
the prices of the different tribes OE ovd di "T el ments from his Modiord consequent upon steam nothing g mischief by interfering in the matter, 
Ketton sale in 1810. This estimate, "I „fin i 
for 
is highl ivati iri ight be made of|unless it be, perhaps, by increasing a fadi 1E. 
te tasinnaton a a pA, Mer progeny, and completely relatos proper shape and sie; iat he ia tinbet bo at | Boerewing money on advantageous terms for 
i have full play for his | purpose. 
No. - Tribes. Amount in Average of each down so Sor the farm : er might buildinge should (To be continued.) fa 
i as ms Am - " = To anaie Ge te Miete! moreover, he required from == 
on See his landlord a greater security of tenure and freedom AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, IRELAND, ar? d 
from feudal rights and customs. The farmer now [The apiid i chief items in the r rt just presen 
selected his men, not because they happened to be the Registrar-Generat} ` / 
Lire but they were suitable to his Er] 
requir The class of labourers was changed Th wea dec ar on C 
thong Hi thet introduction of of steam-plonghs, They were 2: B Ul 
er slog gish and Sipe Seen former days, and Showing an increase under crops in 1864 of ‘Wiest 
required to well-housed a d cared for. Hisexpe-| Of ora ue QM the total extent under 
to those brought by ! rienc plough 1864 than in 1863 by 19,552 acres; 
