) 
^ 
OCTOBER 29, 1864.] 
THE GARDENERS' —— AND —": GAZETTE. 
1045 
not only in any case gor pes additional — of | i 
capital, but with a [sa e e some others 
and an increase of it in 
n these means are, s Ireland, Poverty etrioken as 
1 "3p MUN S 
1 elementary education, and cannot cannot write write their 
of m 
Fate ^, dbi is on pig breedi ng. o 
the West Indians, the Werphaliane "s i Trish grey- | work o 
th 
an 
r keepi ng any account of it. Market. garden 
| agriculture, som arg 
he i 
tion, and which I would 
at your readers, who are numerous at both dos of he : 
nannel 
* folding come. —_ g the appoin 
Kirkpatrick’s ssor, whi 
made "x 
this ies 
hoe 
dec"; pig, e Neapolitan, the Berkshire, the Yor of it on a very large scale near 
hire, lar oe d small, and a em many others dd metropolis, sera: three or four crops a year 
be distinct kinds, er my charge at obtai ned, where they have no _fallows, seta 
once and for lon ime. I have pl 
them, as P ould say, “hither and over;? and|ciple of piece-work, with advanced results ges ys "as 
the best and m rofitable crosses I ever had were | practical witnesses asini to be applicable to the 
with the largest and best Berkshire boar I could | working of farms. the work principle 
e breeds, | market garden culture, the es b 
ate may be 
in thi 
important contest, Iw e, becoming respect 
ages in town 
n|in advanee of the common gere e 
f 
what would be the progress 
agricultural erbe under the B zl site crossing. In f manufacturer, before he hired a workman, were 
dd Ren in Ireland. «d. aif vane tio Mr. "Taylor gain return to sheep. “ Some of er a position in which he would have to inquire 
already made to expose the shortc apa of suc ach e graziers in in the Tal land of Sheppy e a: that | not as to his skill, fd arcem he ve ged to that 
tea achings, but as they were made by vds could improve their "— by large Lincolnshire | parish ; and if he were to ha refuse him, 
ignorant what a teachings should. EN or which however was only 1 it, and had 
o 
prejudiced against what ajs could | be, t 
in the shape of carcase, e the qua the | often do x part a "day's work in 
arge of 
vool, - rece flocks were greatly ied z tis rating to add from the place of work. Yet 
such are D to the free. circulation | of 
evil, no a. how in "Your ist rit attem improve them.” Personally I kno obstructions 
may x eases. think this writing rather are ot nn of “the Island of Shepoy " or its labour 
big "ere " sheep; but I know the highlan none and mountains | in tho south Wr! the retention of the law of parochi 
Ther may not E any occasion for ee elucida- of Ireland well, and the diff te Sa e evidence and conclusions 
tion. Diva ever, if a any ereafter found to die best shen begin | presented upon it under the Poor Law Commission of 
prent itself, I pene rey if spared a d tha t you hens * the native Cotthough i The Shrimoughs. | inquiry. my steer as compared with mai tu 
permit it, they sl aall know why the Boar d. ee National | taking ia the Sontch Highland « hornies ," the Chevi of - nterest 
|^ on in bd d by its teachings, indirectly if! the ai er ent “Do reer , the "- oscom mops re the labox pút ünder a lack o t in the 
t directly, rather encou than removes the |Cotsw ^. Lincolns, the rs (if "there veils on the part of the Abrir T culti 
necessity for the sale of Spanish beef in the markets of | be now — lingo) “the a ice et hoc | tion by farm bailiffs or stewards: This is a topic of 
Dublin, whilst we h le in abundance, genus omne, and. t crosses I have ever had, or| greater economical importance to e of the 
which, if fed on Irish produce I any one else, we ere hos o rom | industry of the country, commercial ll as manu- 
defy ee ape pes from bn at least, besides giving an |the large, well-bred ra facturing, than is yet apprehended, and merits the 
abundance of store stock, and if needs be cro 
feed them, ata oak te 
increase the fi e pro 
How this can i done it Fi be, in AE. R i23 "tho 
strong, 
desertion of ewe, ay or d suited t ^" da "high 
and exposed situations, and tbe ver "a rst from the | tion. 
An 
duty of the new Agricult ee Melony ctor 
Edward Carroll, Dublin, Oct. 
seul gets here again I would join issue with | the last sessio: the 
Mr. Taylor, both as regards the fo ia inim and the | attention wiski its importance bled 
he small ewe compared with the | the pesos, or the E in aay ‘concer, to give 
ordin nates shares o rofits, an also imposed 
rest ceteris paribus. I would 
Ms = 
go em ar geo r | to o his 
than Mr. as E go in E e 
Home Correspondence 
On Crossing p Breed of Animals. alee t Cross- 
breeding of farm stock in England must be consider ed | 
EE bility, 
could, ary, an peculiar eme for 
isis and i eique nay, ee mde Exe rabbits, agriculture, ELE in go case of owners engaged 
ee although no tsman myself, having never | in professional a roe rp who wish to farm 
match 
a greyhound pa in my life, ee ds, make improvements i 
such a statesman as Mr. Disraeli. _ Be that as it may as 
eyho lan ovi their 
shot a hare ora game bird of any kind, I rking. Th olarai v. this class — fail i inthe 
have “had agreat and va iac experience nevertheless in Miel of their plans for want of s super! tendence 
fe a di 
g ssionally, sometimes gea my will, | and zeal to lties whi only a irect 
to Irel d feeding of | tl production Z pabulum for those whose tastes T mpart. The piece-work principle is 
and hence - a T wish to offer a few rem it, and | and — we = — to cg own. If my | only efficient in agriculture oa: 2 is vigilautly and 
in doing so, € so far = facts dled: pig y your | object was to laborate essay on the cross- | laborio mee d, and that is at whi 
—— igent nite ondent, aylor, in À last | br nmt of dad 1 wouid feel coerced to a in e gentlemen farmers with other various objec 
a issue. n giving aene facts I a as if | enses ne me to the rules thus cursorily glanced at, | of attention particularly fail. It is only gentlemen. 
controverting dis of the iu id id aa ides Mr. | but like all exceptions, ton would but prove - s far per: of income E im sources 
Taylor, 1 do so with becoming of. such i — i „or experimental 
Mr. Taylor writes, “ But when the femalo from her size | point to observe all suc uard a courses. ines fail urer 
and good constitution . is. more adequa € to the epe eed female i it the sire’s pe who have no interest in their success, or that are 
nourishment of the foetus of a smaller e )| int ted in their failure. 
m Y 
herself, the growth must be proportionally greater.” 
J 
variety of farm now close 
bliged to bribe farm 
dorine the period of pecan In | their introduction. usefi 
thi ti u is of machinery used, and it 
Stock, for upon 
el me to ente rtain an opinion in 
half 
ce wea many 
directly in the opposta direction. I 
fro m Mr. 
lalleré the di discussion arose Disraeli having 
f the Southdown ewe with 
the w ` rightly informed, your|t 
fine Downs s Obtained from such crossing. 
This m - I know of my m acies that in 
Irland those Ag meme Dow e been increased 
in size, and in weight of b ^ elt n and wool, 
by n Pt cross ie the Cotswold ram. Mr. Tay 
M lor 
goes on—*' The vide female v bm a — ms 
pro es publ ico to ask Mr. Taylor and those who |is unused from the i pr ome or re € or ipe 
may think as he does in mit tenting stock—How is af f ipee of the I am inform 
it that the wild cattle, wild horses, wild Pigs, and t agriculturist of Holland, Mr. Aperiri th the 
wild poultry, as well as can! own deer, contrive to keep Mayor | of Haarlem, that a system of SS cate 
their species from degeneracy? Surely it is no 
permitting the small and “consequently weakest males 
to become lords of the respective harems. Edward 
yee College Hotel, College Street, Dublin, Oct. 17. 
and vigilance, and that it works excellen The 
rask is introduce ge and over and ou the regalar 
th r 
— H E CU. 
Eat At An. i 
 &otíttits. 
and bo dpt: The pee oot pi over and 
above his tf h livi 
of milky — em plied|  Socran Scrence CONGRESS AT YORK: Piece-work in wages, has a pay ing 
with nourishment after its "birth. t td n in | Agriculture.—Mr. irpo cd det following foal got from a mare; the cowk r 
oto calo, as — s three of the m: important | paper on this sul —We e been requested to|allowance for each living cal ; the shepherd, 
herds of day p with three piens ri rake provision in the section «t "Social Scienco for e an extra allowance fi ach lamb sold or living six 
Lac = den about. rtant breeds It may be —— weeks after it is born; the poultry keeper, an extra 
I the Rena the Hereford, acon s to both to ep the application ad the same | allowance upon each hundre delive! to the 
vid. rs mi A ade m with the Ayrshire, | economi princi nder different conditions, "I housekeeper, and upon eac! cock ; and the 
yloe, and the little Kerry, to which I|am only repeating Paw testimony of a person of wide | dairymaid, an extra all r each lot of butter 
could add other distinct breeds if necessary. N experience as a land valuer and — ] and cheese sold, without reasonable objection to i 
reeds I in , and eve that|improver in manufacturing dis ricts, w y that quality from the pur On this particular farm 
I could conceiv i o produce the best results | if the rudimentary economical prine due. m; eid the | the cereals are at onc e into bre or sale. 
h, a ose were with the best bred Short-horned | great progress in | manufact tures is due, were applied to The b eno on the establishment has a fixed wage 
bull, and the larger, if well formed, th , and | the lan wance, for which, however, he must sell not less 
ne of the smaller cows I have named. eut would be obtained. The contrast of the p» a e quantity of bread. ul all that he sells 
In thei found the foetus much larger, Prio low rates of wages in agriculture, as com- | above ven qui antiin, he has tage. 
£ 2 as it may appear do lir. Taylor, and the with the rates of wages in mao or AES g late, i are 
ve odu milk, and. of a better | atten by co: di ess of o put in a com fand, w is ded 
quality, than the majority of the finest, 1 est, and | differences of result. One advantage, however, on the ly amongst the men, so that i 
best bred Durham c E Mr. Taylor proceeds, and | side of manufac is the conditions which it t have an interest in i 
quotes from Cline: gue improvement of the|of the easy application of the pri - of payment | The principle of payments for results, of which, by the 
breed of horse in nll g from crossing with | by the piece. It that fi 5 - - I first talked in respect to 
r ad Arabians, and the | eeg lied , 
aud pim not the cotton iterafcter "ees ing, where it hi 
not be carried on at the present rate or at the | has "e applied i 
pplied in a d ve 
agriculture i id i 
n England there has, I am 
th of improvement in the breed of cart-horses.” | present net wages, if it were necessary. to payment of shepherds. I 
T have been the case in England for aught |t th e large pisi BS E work Tha is used | vold; been a rr me va e Ber oe in one district 
I f my o owledge to s contrary, but this | in girafa A gre n game preservers, o their interest to 
uch I know—that the great degeneracy of Irish horses | E- cation of "iia an Ae yt whom make it the interes i a ete do rvers 
js owing to the use of small though highly bred horses | *' Cotthough sheep” are sheep time eer ana found on | t00 in paying them per covey of partridges pre- 
on every Cescription of mare, whereas the contrary effect the DA Mi abd moüntlu. ey are small sheep, with | Served on s. This system, I , 
has roduced by using large well-bred horses of | very small ears, and sometimes without any ears at all. | works as ns conversant with manufactu ould 
every variety on medium-siz and even small pony T'Slrimongn s rong da Dd Pan pes white | expect it to work. The stated agricultural action is 
hese are facts whic o good authority, in | common om our lower and uad. quality of lands. T placed by a vivacious k and intelligence P 
MÀ 2 least, will attempt to ae a cu T. still| were good in their day as and wool producers, and | food ufacturer is saved the labour and di 
he form of the swin been | famous nurses. They a re now, T fen, all - perc certainly | of superintendence and incessant fault-findings for 
greatly proe by rom with the mall Chinese | aru iy eng ie Meso falis clesneen Wi us the benighted Taw of partner, 
boar.” If my opinion on stock bre eeding of any kind ‘immemorial. F. C. ship would ent and other servants bein 
