SEPTEMBER 3, 1864.] 
have sustained by repeatedly | losing their 
most kinds, = bud PP the w: wie of gene 
sumers in the SENDEN secure 
supply of stubble "ümip see 
Paws “ rf h abit, and to sow it tk immediately As 
r planta 
THE GARDENERS’ SP SUNICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
of | Stevenson on Macada; 
853 
m are so full of practical information | ie in the Tes ing of f animale t is s productive of the best 
subject, that we do our reader 
Ms here:— 
ning upna this A 
^ feeling gg o and the ws / quantity 
ni * limited.. In e feedin g of shee with cake 1 
it would be sa. 
Fee -cakes.—The ordin nary | 
stock, consis sting 2. rg hay, and =” is 
is rg 
very due d in its na mall p each hog would iae n its khe on Durin 
+ f 
snp in o localities far =f near, 7 allow „me t 
fall 
several fatal cases happened, not onl 
a too liberal dose of the Rape-cake had 
even where the , Prop 
ere 
g 
y 
whe n 
thoughtless] y given, but, er 
esh-for ts, mpanied by 
large e i8 of. heat-pro oducing parendi nis. an 
refuse matter. _ The di igestive systems of the sheep a 
to state that within the limits of this month or beg 
it t with a a Quer 
for making Was 
such food, but the “fattening process "proceeds slowly 
ziher food is given. The S 
she ee riate its own and its 
of fearless s guccess ; it not tc 
g the Soak yis y will be — as 
P ), if spleen well hoe da nd 
singled o due time. Also for sheep feed 
but 
neighbour — evil — resulted 
“Dis ing m subject of oil-cakes, special 
cakes, which are now so extensively consumed by st 
: reference ponen: e made to the ver yr me nature of the 
oppi 
supply in small bulk, ma with comparatively litt i 
a lar; e amount t of fat and flesh- 
in 
anted assuredly, ru will 
fields, Fed j vs will be w as 
dro ng or r manure poche from stock fed on cake. 
the nature of te manure through 
oil-cake is mainly due to a 
nitr said ees 
db ue. ingredien 
are mainly Jependent on 
of 
Es the instrumentality of the 
feeding presence of albuminous | 
2 pa art of the albuminous or 
off in ample time for Wheat. 4. Hari 
Maldon 
Ne 
brid 
By Robert Scott I B 
per cent., accom- nous nds 
panied by an average o of 12 per cen me of oil. 
these, there is a large amount of earch and woody | u 
fibre, along with a little sugar, d gum, and saline | 
26b + en taken 
p by ‘the system. The proportion of the rre 
ingredient of the oil-cake which thus eae bed 
a alimen canal, 
appea the 
ariously mated at 7-8ths ae Swa to 
ave fy resent in ai 
Outlines of Modern Farming. 
T 111. Cattle, Sheep, "- Horses, Virt 
1. 
men Corner, Paternos r Row 
t d full 
ait defepuetim d from every trust- 
third p — ains ti 
ries. 
o 
f| animals in a reins care yang: 
of by 
var esti 
iby va 9- 20ths. ot the whole, and therefore we may safely 
d readily capal 
In short, we h 
impor oen mno anie pert ut 
the animal, of becoming flesh 
de 
le, 
when partaken 
an nd fat. othe ws way i 
me oh foolis prepared for the animal 
is a point of considerable importan nce in 
conn nection 
ny 
the composition of an 
il, as s thi has received o a most extended discus sion. For 
E 
QR 
econom ro- 
informat ion is anxiously | 
master, soon to be in 
desire any a stoc 
ooa ge 71, 
y m 
difficulties, if pe he be not muttering Aeeady ar and star 
&c., 
t long time, ps E sg very recently, the uy 
cattle feeders wl Deeper i 
food, was simply sien, ^ then 3 in its n Peri NT 
and roots in bulk were Mori wn to 
the animal system, and 
the same time the 
ch, gum, sugar, a 
1 
and par fibre, 
they circulate 
| we are dire 
| the yu nip pas 
| few 
ich, as 
through the blood, become elaborated into fat capable them, “and they were allowed to make the € s ian 
neos a on e id varieties of food used for the | of ! he albuminous | best of them as they could. roc time it was 
fe Ms of cattle, and the modes in use of preparing constituents also bec med before non rud suggested by some advanced thinker that by dividing 
them, will appropriately phe usefully conclude this | en ce the blood, aa e easly i are woven into flesh | the materials (cutting the straw or 2 short 
chapter. the living structure, whilst the phosphates ar are Semen | lengths, p | slicing the roots into pieces) the process 
| “ Wheat is rarely used in bulk feeding mat wants of the bones. |of assimilation by the animals wou ald materialy 
I lud b f * Linsced-cake is regarded as the first-class oil-cake hasten Peas next step in the process of assisting 
| it econom cally. Whe: en, however, “it can be idi it is obtained from ig pasdn by bruising, steaming, | ass as the etre de a m E so far as the 
obtained zb ora ite did 1d. per lb., it E Eu el 
The 
the flesh nimal. In conjunction with other 
food, Bean-meal is often given to cattle with good 
r [9] raws of the cereals as a feeding 
stra 
material, much has been said and written of late at 
Agricultural meetings and in Agri Mpg 
Tk discussi state d to 
be this: that straw. 
milatio 
preparation ‘Of the a further 
and subjecting it to n essure in og rang? bags, when roots erned, 
ab trac a x pok was ibeo Sai, pen in place of 
out 25 per cent. of oil is extr 
s left. The better kinds woes P [a 30 per cent. of | contenting selves with slicing or —— 
albuminous compounds, and about 12 per cent. of oil. | them into Sega aie large pieces, a thorough com- 
Linseed agp n is liable x ins: with inferior oil- | minution was carried out by some feeders, and pulping 
seeds, ther cheap materials, which detract roots became then a largely developed practice. 
cooking o nd 
A sim aple way of examining | pulping of roots—many experiments have been vadh 
half an ounce, 
bran, and o he: 
from its nourishing P) "wg occasionally impart these points then—the 
o it noxious. properties, 
y 
and 
put it in about half a renter i water, and stir a extended practice, have heen made “kno and the 
short time. Good cake gives a light-c loured jelly, | ae is cuc in pee of both of these pene of pre- 
ot The 
with an ae taste and smell. 1f other seeds be | parin g fo ooking food may be 
} enables it to be 
+ 
ERS a E a 
hg. fonakion wi 
ae for 
or 
‘ith 8 A 4 
lbs. of Bean-meal or crushed oil-cake per M. animals 
may be fattened, t all ts prepared for fatteni 
ots, an 
ed niid w 
: ick! 
‘otton-seed cake is opr from t oe pex ‘of the Mam Against this, ever, it shoul be ‘emer 
| Coton ‘lant à in two ways. 1. By crushing the whole eed that there may be a disadvantage arisin 
usk and kernel—yielding a cake with little avoiding too m uch t the process of mastication, w 
r cent. of ires dio compounds 
which is very objectionable i as an | in the wget wit fg the —— ps 
ments | Eod. aes run from t| r. The second 
hus e. cake is nage eet by the coking of "food i is the erbe ri 
popne by first shelling | the seed so o as to dece A the | of, heure y odours T bo ays aa 
? 
ith Vt 
"ir arag 
> any cases, 
which cre present i in cal 
mpress —: 
ead {some of the oil, and a ee superior feeding ng to ihe wa 
Rabi, Carrots, and 
Mes contains from 30 to bad m. e t. of perhaps more pra stated, by no 
a most valuable food ; but it js neces- 
pire 
hese gt un Wass, Pent rih compounds, and 15 to 18 p f oil. it that which it already has, by giving i “tt ma bulks of 
Potatos ; the thre ei atter, novero not so fr requently, | In the be ee d Piecoftiiatól cake no d of the | cold uncooked food. The adva antages ob tained by pulp- 
Turnips and Mangels being what may be called the his k shou observed. The hepy pren punit Man a 
staple food of estie d in this count ry. resh i p yellow in in colour, a what see mie of piti consumed, as is allowed ; 
p their feeding val tl es brown he fufco when | ordinary straw can be use wit e roots; and all 
ich they are grown, and the w: way in wih sa ce sed to the nr—spelly his dap- did the | danger of the cattle choking is avoided. 
are "pg It has " z many years been an estab- wn tint passes gradually to the centre as the cake “Much has been sa op on we ipi is ar pir 
lished rule with farmers in this country, that th g by allowing mixed food, es bay pi = pul; 
bulky t! = peta the hi Be their feeding v alue. Many, we Rape: cake is the _ cheapest kind of oil cake, ue roots, to ferment and becom e. "The o doubt 
iig are of nr ed the pe osite en T IN is the | many whatever that many uer png are Ln ps fer- 
varieties of Turnips gro wedes cases have been es 2 useful in ral | mented or soured food. We have not, t, however, uch 
are cepit ees the most Sedit ; ; they kee seh p Longe in in fedia “of stoc t is prepar 1 it 
good m I p kinds, of which the yellow rd Rape-seed, signe yields Rapeol, ‘lar gely used | | fermented food. am, of rbi iae Court, 
AT in value e Swede; the white the least|as lighting and leaves i phe ba ags the Rap je- cake, - | Herefordshire, speak y s tevourably of it. The most 
| moul 
angels 
sary that ne should be kept for some time—till 
Christmas, at least, of the pe umn they are taken up | 
in—as they sess an ‘acrimonious substar nce or pecu- |t 
of 
which cattle and sheep kerta dislike at the first, and | faery bs in "anser 
d pal ara ped roots are mixed 
with Locust Beans, or merely d render it more easily 
d which to a grent extent iare or d ‘the 
and b 
with en D soft 
assimilated,” 
when freshly gathered I oft esides add to the feedin 
on the health of the animals partaking of them, If prop rties, Rape: ain is dede ixed with Moe 
jene, are given early in the season, they | es cially rd-see "ha t a ‘Memoranda. 
ce ale at first, until the animals get | blistering 1 properties to the cake, and thus be by to| East B. s, Happineton.—Probably e ; 
seen s effects in the alim imentary cana of the | tract of alluvial eX] in Sootland Ore r A 
: bri Grasses.—As food the Grasses vary much | pene partaking of k The pr that stripe of land which stretches the s 
in feeding value, and much depends also Spin. v way of the Mustard-seed m fies t, between Phantassie on the one side and 
in which they are grown. Grasses gro o pow er, id Sil p lon the other. The length of this stripe is 
gation are gen rally of gr an Sainte" "wie Lei with cold water in a pickle- bottle, which can be| n miles as the cro w flies, > its breadth 
"x those grown in the ordinary w. orked | up- _If the quantity of bor he eat, “The ge h of 
Of the “Artificial Grasses, Clov smell of — Mustard will ‘be ari ee c m, in spon and min 
terial, is greatiy men by the time na whieh it | Geel dedly apparent in a qua of a an hour, b | in varyin roportion Se ane CE 
is Pci down, full flower bei ing the best its appearance eni the iont may be wei to | in its quality, and upon the whole pretty easily worked. 
ma Hay, Clove ery i is not so valu A resh-eut go on ssh 24 hou , when should no pungent odour untered, which try the 
Meter. Of ordin hay, it de P areae anod] S cognised, and tle taste is not extra strong and E | mettle of the horses and “the ‘skill of the ploughmen, 
as the fi afte: » is not so nutritious gent, dr Mustard is not ie in quanti ity | to „be j 
“or rop. Jea: uctive of hire; b if th this resp climate, too, the district alluded 
: abere Cabbages are by far the most obtained, ES — cially it a very stro toi pa ticularly iat favoured. The rainfall is rather 
"n e food ; for milch-cows they are specially good. | taste a pany it + t is erp in ‘quantity t li and the land occasionally suffers from 
5 Ones and artificial pein These form most | be u f the cnn droughts ; but this is more than compen- 
important adjuncts to the feed stock of the cattle I : | stet for by the comparative immunity of the tract from 
feeder, The f following endi - from a lecture by Dr,! ** The judicious employment of the various kinds oi! those severe and unscasonable frosts that often work 
