o the readers of the Agricultural Gazette that | 
e of capillary attraction is not of any | Dy 
those gx oi pan fibre of such = eu 
le "as for the | of the ergot alluded M. by Mr. Barnardistone in your 
on I have in a former letter to ld Jo 
oecurs the water suspended is slowly drawn | upward | co ce t 
m a adughderktha depth by bea tt attraction, a pe owlodi 
bringing with it such organic or inorgan M as it practioal utility to 
may have dissolved.” We are to d = ‘ort Oye | operations in ran homogeneous cla; : b 
pædia ia of Agriculture ; that 100 ]b. of « New s system eme ? I treat it as the discovery last impre: 
of water balore n iege of a Phe Hires net as Tabotrer n Scotland, Pi price iig des a rta Ti - oi uua ^ dos 
; ndition 9 urer in Scolland.—1n r 
$a — 2 ei m Meri ewe 100 p E c, Ey fth e 1 mers’ Club, I » years ago. I have studiously watched 1 its po 
of pure dry clay wil take up about 70 lb. of observe Mr. y shin ng. Spey a sta ^ bbe in his appro- |1 various parts of Ireland ever sine e, an d have never 
water." With all -— — ie. aed — of Henn remarks :—“ But another he worse error is, | faile 2 Aj when allowed 
" of my | to stand for see pdi the extent of such ergotism, if 
peli ep iy pro lley jen Soib i por ang de ero ition of Ci Rute ants, | use the word, being in peu v to TAG dr S. 
have made it a kind of political question ; a and whi le | of the summer mo onths during ks pem varely 
menting, dit wh t did it reat e , but fre. 
as to strike at the | uentis when dry, as is the E. uh E^ other 
ndlord. I sp = Grasses. ok n hether it is, that o climate is on 
re moist. 
attraction being an obstacle to the dish of water in 
i arm servant, "their true object w 
still redi at e lar 
say this, ‘They have repress the wh 
supplied from n levels :—* It is plain “that drai 
will not remove any water which may be in the sübeoil | master, or 
below them; "jut what we contend c is this, that | advisedly when 
neither will they affect water I ing in some of the sub- | the farm servan as a ' downtrodden serf, more ccule ah i have er witnessed in | cattle 
i A egraded ity t from its use a in very dry s 
ortion of the subs oil lying | immedia tely above them, sud worse Eua after Mr cared p or. Having dra and then such as 1 pe found, or fancied I tee 
will in spite et^ th a is dark picture, these gentlem h proceed to tell us | to arise d the use of some other Grasses also causing 
level"* Capi there attraction aoe hat at present in that the landlord and e farmer are alone t igote for | constip in — sheep and cattle, and this 
soil which is too dry for growing Grass luxuri A half the à which | pier ip on e farms more oe m others lying. 
but capillary attraction co uld not, wi! "nA heavy rainfalls, are the creation of their o prolific fuss "Their quite contig “to them, and ordi: 
p int. It i all respects of a bea both 
land which is sufficiently porous ion w the rapid | down large properties rand | E [sea all ones, px subsoils, and produce, natural and artificial, 
filtration to - flm levels can be kept a “the saaa to upset all things, mip er a vivere suffrage, | similarly paneer a When ip Grasses were cut 
or something of mag k Mr. Collie, Ardgay, in a comparatively green and rather succulent 
oe "The general pk ion is state for s sat ng, l have eui! witnessed any "such 
asp 
point in wet weather by capillary D The 
following quotation from Mr. irdwood’s orandum | S — in his rem: 
will explain the meaning of the Rev. Mr. Clutterbuck's that farm labour 
atement, that “ Drainers seem to confuse the two re^ than - ires ions on of the community. I take | from la irrigated with water suitable - such 
pillary att = T which is some- | ex nat. I believe they will stand eem purposes ; fe e have in Ireland, as I suppose you 
called friction. It is by thi: is held with d t sany other class. If you look | have also, ibn ^e — n over pastures or 
in soils in an inclined line, to which in lod I gave the | a6 lie eye number that are e ke ept, t, and compare — meadows, would not vale eatly — the quantity 
r leve late Sir T. Sebright, on tl fl but sadly _— rcm the “quali ies of the herbage, A 
strange case slow w poisoning by ergo otism some ti 
H 
Watford Water eme, a term very much found|will find, when t the criminal calendar is called, ‘they 
is r. Girdwood stat wil! bear a a very small comparison, and we very seld 
“3 of the gypseous clays in Derbyshire and|see them in the panel box. I belra what Mr. mber having seen it noticed in n yours. "There are, 
Staffordshire I as gone to T ds pthe. In Que Cushing says is quite correct—that these men are |as Minen ically n" in one of the finest Gras» 
case ab Doe the seat of Lo rd Vernon, I hav getting up a cry against the rural labourer for a| pro es districts of that most luxuriant Grass 
drain of from 11 feet, what they s it to be.” The producing p. in Ireland, the rich county of 
The drains are 66 yards apart, E have buen perfectly Chairman drew up the following as the finding of the | some fields or gee to the demesne of 
em ip land had been twice I ey —“ 1, Tha tthe condition of amm serva ants bas been | Dunsany, oie Grasses, Clovers, Vetches, Oats, 
believe, and was as wet as ever. I dug 2. pm v steadily improving for many years past, and that aj Potatos and I bulíóvé- gen Turnips, Mangels, 
> of water till I got to 2 very marked improvement has taken place since | Carrots, € 
8 feet. i ‘then began to flow, and at 10 it rushed i in - su eet was discussed by is Club seven| other pods produced elsewhere, will cause su 
ars L2. That t he cottage —- “bothy system — in both varieties of stock, as will — = 
J 1t on ni 
This determined my proceedings.” 
1858, pa age 94. A good many will Pier that t this | and servant 
8 the pitié of eh. servants in the Kitchen” of hair on tails and manes as if they h d been 
ib was a escape of water by leakage, from veins sup- |“ This was approve of? Were farmers asa body to | affected with the euch visser’ mange. The old people 
plied by a reservoir a& a higher level. Land saturated | express their Len re as freely as the Moray- |an ren si ems ene Potatos or 
iy i i bave don ho qt 
t 
"iie de condition Sates to whet it would be | shire farmers Mr. Dunlop, who has = 
8 be legislati nails and me otherwise 
wore pipe lai or 8 fi w by ps the relation hei A eco 
he su 1 by a reservoir 100 feet -— between master and servant in Scotland, would| Physicaly ‘ebtated (ten When speaking Lord 
the perforated pipes. The burstin, ng of a water-pipe in| pause before he ventured to be guided by the | Dunsany’s ard on the subject some time ago, i-am 
a street in Fulham, near London, pened me and others positively erroneous assumptions of reformers that | i i s 
iament has interfere in ar to | drain E 
used by leaka 
pumped out of the Thames and in into a reservoir | mines, manufactories, emigrant ships, and lodging ment, top-dressing, irrigation 
on Putney Heath for supplying the Pimlico district. houses, there seems no reason why i it sho mid not satisfy me was, des alt P ings, be, as 
The bursting o pipe made a hole in the street interfere to protect our agricultural l rad dul p 
spparentiy 12 fex square. “Capillary attraction, bad ons of tilt mnoo which, forms the very backbone | knew, met the ost aliet attention. Now, sity 38 
oth J P and sinew of the comm Lando arè not have i in I path — and as an Irishman I am proud to say | 
with the floating of water on the surface within a few pi spe for the peers and entire sweeping | it, without I hope any vain ing—as 
of drains, Mr. Bailey Denton stated in his remarks | away of villages; it is the power-loom that has starved | and scientific men, comparatively i 
tthe London Farmers’ Club :—* What was the object | the hand- dont weavers out of the rural been on- | other part of Europe can boast and as our papers | 
of f draining P The e per rfect aération of the soil. . When trast this with Dr. Begg’s erroneous statement at have failed to excite thei mit 
fhe | Liverpool, where he stated po^ “ «the Viaged haye | without apology to eall on Mr. Baldwin, the 
water descended, Lir that iwas jusl SI times |been swept away, and = iae families of i ^ 
heavier than | the: air whi ch was displaced byit. That was people expatriated to such large | culture to the 
farms worked by am iere p "colonies, the leading | one of your excellent pr riras nest BA 
once of the pode s well was any criterion of a | Object Td ing raise the eatest  amount|on Sir ert Kane, the director of the Museum of T 
vater level.” ural Gazette, 1858, p. 11. Mr. P. rent at the enl possible ou tay." A “Friend | Irish Industry ; and on ° Sullivan, one of the lecturer 
doy Daslo am wh hich I have referred to, and o the Labourer ” Morayshire has stated that | there as well as Professo| a Chemistry to the Catholic 
nm are neither 80 industrious, 80 ) temperate, so University, to which I will ll add, if I can 80 so far "S 
tid 
E 
bl fti respectful 
"^ and open soils se artificial drains. ws example, state of morality among this class has in ‘th isq |an utter stranger, Professor Jukes, of = Ge ological j 
r. Denton refers to the fact that “Soils of different | become prover rbial? This is in des een Re we | Department of the ar of Irish Industry, to have 
Far : n ia podon | this m ious affai nvestig ated, Each of these 
e 
ormation, for i Morayshir 
ereolation if channels of discharge were provided | farming employs TERBIS, dentia the nw owes it he Eds 
ber Here is a practical proof of it. Mr. Girdwood | and boys that it doe This is a umbling "block humanity, to discover this cause if possible, 
tes : —'* Where gravel beds oceur in the clay, or under|*o Mr. Scot gs on - Begg, 2 9er when |a remedy agai i ward 
it, they often permit of wide intervals being used with speaking and writing on the Tequisi ite n mber of | Dublin, S, Bi 
bave drained nearly 200 f bes Pp for arable farms beyond the P of |l have read “the ' Jottings, y? í My € dur Py 7 
e labourers in 
Jj bury, at 6 feet ns. 
at nuce grin daria witn the cmq meine à Fancy these (o siixpeati the necessity Ima even for his indes eed: dd 
lend, ery porous b vict uM the building bris a cot: T x e the single | * Docks," an is burlesque description of the use SE jd 
thoogh "fall of or water, may be laid d: Te with drains|men and wom who requir import othes. I could, and ifspared, may hereafter give your 
of moderate depths at very wide intervals. I lately met | to make up the complement of labourers at 10d. readers, if they wish to have them, some notes : 
with a remarkable instanee of this in Oxfordshire, on and u a day ! ! Tti is posi tively p g | Ir ish, and even more grotesque than those good-natured 4 
the Earl of a — ?s estate at Bampton. On one th results of “hiring markets and remarks of your — - = l am sure Ye 
—- of the the i media te subsoil i is the Oxford | bothies, I 2 ately in a book by the Rev. Dr. E. 0. 
2 a ha si : ^ om kio ue Days for Working Men), that Messrs. : 
r side, eiae ere is an extensive - super- | Pickford o ndon have Miri a large lodging-house | í F 
ficial deposit of gr vel full of tec so full indeed, ^p : for the single men in their mploymen t. ees ae is Sarictiens M" 
when Í first tibt it, it not possible to cu odging-hou emi Z rome the London police ., ROYAL AGRICULTURAL Inet aie : 
trial m € all, as the trench filled — water a stations, at Jei st fo: ingle The following Mort is abridged from 
es of the surface as fast was dug.| With lo ding nsn Telg pr povided d for noblemen's Dentin Farmers’ Gazette : —We -— a ress on 
j| male and female servants, for Pickford's men and for | Society and its Wels wishers the ifn pat of having 
policemen, ber aeons ploughmen an and female farm | some Special Prize of more than usual I| value, to be 
d er imil ted for at the annu al s The 
to be fou nd 
a 
Purcell Cup i$ 
willing t9 
T 
was 5 
r han's i 
dry, and several adjoining fields should be read on the subject, Any one can honourabl ected with Vo Society 
means of it. The drain was a| it from Andrew Elliot, 15, Princes Street, Edinburgh, id eth Trish agriculture in this manner, eni wE 
oras ase twice its | for one penny. W. not jie the slightest, difficu My. L4 Lee 
* ought to n T amisa and. other. Plaxts.—When Mr. e er The 
opi. Magis m letter óu Stock Diseases arising Cork rà in connection with the Bon clase the 
it struck | done much good to the Society's shows, shows, and to 
