ES a 
Fishes of Massachusetts. ( 311 
directly below the base of this spine, a very small 
one, only two lines in length, pointing obliquely 
backwards and downwards: at inferior angle of pre- 
opercle, a spine nearly half an inch long, pointing 
downwards and forwards. Two spines upon oper- 
culum; the larger, nearly two inches long, passes 
from its upper anterior portion to posterior angle, 
pointing obliquely backwards ; the other, quite small 
. at inferior angle, pointing directly downwards. 
e 
Scapular spine three lines long. Humeral spine 
strong, one half inch in length. 
Eyes six lines in diameter; pupils black, irides 
golden: distance between eyes, four lines. Nostrils 
small, tubular. Jaws armed with numerous sharp, 
compact teeth. Upper jaw, the longer. 
The first Dorsal fin is of a dark brown color, 
irregularly banded with eae: the rays are much 
stouter than those of the same fin in the * G'roen- 
landicus ;? the extremities of the first five rays pro- 
ject beyond the connecting membrane. - of 
fin greater than its height. 
The second Dorsal commences at the tenmiititión 
of the first, and is one third longer than that fin ; and 
is of a greenish yellow color, with three transverse 
black bands. 
The Pectorals are large, rounded ; the rays of a 
dirty white color, much smaller than those of this fin 
in the “ Groenlandicus;” the connecting membrane 
of fin, white, erossed transversely by four regular 
transverse black bands 
"The Ventrals commence just back of the second 
