on : Fishes of Massachusetts. 425 
angle of the operculum, and runs nearly a straight 
course to the tail. 
The Dorsal fin arises about half an inch back of 
the pectorals ; length to height as 1to 2. A small 
adipose fin a short distance in front of the tail. 
The Pectorals are situated a short distance in front 
of the posterior angle of the operculum ; length to 
height as 3 to 12; their outer ray is spinous, and 
serrated upon its outer edge; it is marked at its 
point, and is three lines shorter than the first fleshy 
ray. 
The Ventrals arise on a line just back of the dor- 
sal fin; length to height as 4 to 9: Anus large, 
oblong, between the posterior half of the ventrals. 
'The height of the Anal fin equal to half its length. 
The length of the Caudal almost equal to its 
height. All the fins are dark colored. 
The fin rays are: D. 1-5; P. 1-8; V. 8; A. 21; 
C. 19. : 
In the dead fish, the dark coloring-matter readily 
rubs off; and the specimen, if untouched also, rap- 
idly becomes of a lighter color. . 
In one specimen I have seen, a large black blotch 
was situated just beneath the lower jaw, and the 
whole interior portion of the lower jaw, including 
the teeth and far back of them, was colored with a 
deep black pigment. E 
VOL. IIL.—NO. II—IV. 36 E 
H 
