483 



97. Carduelis caniceps, Vigors. 



Strictly Himalayan, and inhabits all the western ranges from the 

 lower mountains to the limits of cultivation, but only a winter visitor 

 in the ranges next the plains of India. In Cashmere common. Its 

 song is sweet, and exactly similar to its European congener. 



98. Hesperiphona icterioides (Vigors). 



Common in the dense pine forests of Cashmere. Feeds on cones, 

 fruits, and tender shoots of trees. Generally seen in flocks, but 

 oftener in pairs. Flight rapid and strong. The loud wailing cry of 

 this bird is frequently the only sound heard to break the stillness of 

 a Himalayan forest. 



99. Linota ? 



Abundant in Ladakh only. In habits and appearance bears a 

 likeness to the Grey Linnet* ; gregarious, and frequently seen with 

 the Montifringilla hcematopygia (Gould). Total length 5^ inches. 

 Bill livid ; eye small ; iris hazel, size of Redpole ; upper plumage 

 greyish brown, with darker streaks of brown ; wing-quills black, 

 margined with white ; wing-coverts light brown ; tail forked, with 

 edges of quills streaked with brown or white ; legs nearly black, 

 lower parts dirty greyish white. 



100. Emberiza stewartii, Blyth. 

 Emberisa caniceps, Gould, Birds of Asia, 1854. 



Very common on the ranges around Cashmere, but not seen east- 

 ward : frequents fields, and in its habits exactly similar to the Yel- 

 low Bunting : confined to the mountains. 



101. Euspiza luteola (Latham). 



Very common during the harvest season on the Punjab, and gre- 

 garious. Its song is sweet and melodious, and somewhat resembles 

 that of the Goldfinch. 



102. Euspiza lathami (Gray). 



A solitary bird, scarcely ever seen otherwise : common in the 

 Punjab and lower Himalayas. 



103. Euspiza simillima, Blyth. 



Gregarious and common around Poonah in the Deccan. Not seen 

 in the Punjab or Himalayas. 



104. PYRRHULA ERYTHROCEPHALA, Vigors. 



Confined to the Himalaya ranges. Never seen in the plains of 

 India. By no means common anywhere. Its habits exactly similar 

 to tbe P. vulgaris ; but its call-note is not so loud. Frequents dense 

 jungle. 



. * Mr. Gould names my specimen (a young bird), of L., brevirostris. Sir William 

 Jardine is disposed to consider it identical with L. montium, Linn, (see Moore, 

 P.Z. S. 1855, p. 217). 



