531 



Himalayas, at elevations under 9000 feet, and prefers gentle wooded 

 slopes, oak forests, &c, to bare hill-sides. Although nowhere 

 abundant, as many as twelve are often met with in one small 

 jungle ; however, "they seldom form societies, and are oftener found 

 singly than otherwise. Stealthy in its habits, it is often met with 

 when least expected ; when frightened, like the Musk Deer, it runs 

 for a short distance, only to turn and gaze at the intruder. Its 

 bark is loud and harsh, and commonly heard at dusk or in the 

 morning. When running, I have often heard a clattering sound, 

 evidently caused by the hind and fore feet striking as in horses when 

 they " over-reach." 



62. Asintjs hemiontjs (Pallas). 



Kiang of Ladakh. 



Is common in herds on the plains and mountains around the 

 fresh and salt lakes of Ladakh. Its favourite food appears to 

 consist of a species of bent growing abundantly all over the moun- 

 tains, and a wild Vicia having deep-red flowers, also the scanty 

 herbage by the sides of springs and around the lakes. It runs at 

 great speed, and ascends and descends steep mountain-sides with 

 much agility. Timid and wary, when started, it scampers across 

 the plain for some distance, then turns round, advancing a few 

 steps to reconnoitre. A Tartar servant informed me that the young 

 are sometimes caught by the natives of Yarkund, and used as beasts 

 of burden. 



The Tangum piebald ponies (Nat. Lib. vol. xii. p. 291) are 

 brought in large numbers to the markets of Leh. Kafilas (droves) 

 laden with brick tea, cloth, &c, are brought from Yarkund, and ex- 

 changed for grain with the Cashmere and Kistewar merchants. On 

 the way to Leh, the caravans are not unfrequently overtaken by 

 snow storms, when nearly all perish. In many places the route is 

 only traceable by the bones of horses. This variety is shy and 

 timid, and at first has a strong dislike for Europeans ; however, 

 it soon gets accustomed to its new master, and is in great request 

 in the European stations. I have known from .=£20 to ^£30 offered 

 for a good Yarkund pony. 



63. Sus scrofa (Linn.). 



Abundant in the jungles on the banks of the Punjab rivers, and 

 all over the cultivated districts of the Punjab and lower Himalayan 

 Ranges. Very common on the banks of the Indus, and in the 

 Scinde jungles. Very destructive to grain. They feed at night, 

 and destroy the wheat by always eating the tops. 



8. On the Dysidea papillosa of Dr. Johnston. 

 By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., V.P.Z.S., etc. 



(Radiata, PL X.) 

 Dr. G. Johnston, in Magazine of Natural History (vii. 494, f. 60), 

 described and figured an animal which is parasitic on old shells, 



