The feeding of the larvae of Annulipalpia is thus narrowly and diversely 

 differentiated, according to their mode of life and the nets built by the 

 different species: the microphages build galleries and are omnivorous; the 

 free-living species which build capturing nets are predators; the case- 

 bearers are phytophagous. 



In the suborder Integripalpia, the larvae of which are all case-bearers, 

 feeding on decomposing and fresh plants predominates; there are no real 

 predators in this suborder; however, larvae of this suborder are often 

 60 forced to eat animal food; feeding on animals and minute dying animals is 

 characteristic for only a few forms. The mandibles of detritophages and 

 phytophages are illustrated in Figures 91—93. 



59 



FIGURES 91—93. Mandibles of detritophages and phytophages of Integripalpia: 



91— Agrypnia obsolet a, right and left mandibles, dorsal; 92— Triae- 

 nodes bicolor, left mandible, dorsal; 93 — Limnophilidae (after Nielsen). 

 Potamophilax nigricornis, left mandible, dorsal (A) and outer side (B), 

 Apatania miiliebris, right mandible, ventral (C). 



The family Phryganeidae consists only of phytophagous forms feeding 

 on detritus and live plants; the feeding of the larvae of this family has 

 been studied in detail (Siltala, 1907:12-14; Gatjen, 1926:653-666); Kolenkina 

 (1951) studied the feeding of several species experimentally. 



In the stomach of larvae of Phryganeidae which were studied (Holosto- 

 mis phalaenoides, Oligostomis reticulata, Hagenella 

 clathrata, Neuronia ruficrus, Phryganea striata, Ph. gran- 

 dis, Agrypnia obsolet a, A. varia, A. pagetana, Agrypnetes 

 crassicornis, Nannophryganea minor), there were always large 

 quantities of terrestrial and aquatic plants together with whole or broken 

 cells of algae; animal remains were absent or present in small numbers. 



54 



