Ulmer's bibliography* lists 10 publications from the 18th century and 

 the first quarter of the 19th century, which contain data on the larvae of 

 caddis flies, e. g., the work of Reaumur (1737:196-204). Kirby (1815, p. 88) 

 said in a footnote that the order Trichoptera is an independent taxonomic 

 unit.** 



Pictet (1834) published the first monograph on Trichoptera (including all 

 stages of development); his descriptions are accompanied by color plates 

 illustrating oviposition, larvae, pupae and imagines; some of Pictet 's 

 drawings have not lost their value to the present, especially the color plates 

 showing live larvae and the building material of their cases. 



Kolenati (1848:30—35; 1859:171, 182) described genera and species of 

 caddis flies; he divided the order into 2 artificial groups according to the 

 character and number of segments of the maxillary palps; this classification 

 was based on the fact that males and females of the first group have a 

 different number of segments of the maxillary palps (2, 3 or 4 segments in 

 the males, and 5 segments in the females) while the number of segments of 

 the maxillary palps of males and females is the same in the species of the 

 second group, 5 in both sexes. t Later authors considered these groups as 

 the suborder Inaequipalpia Kol. and Aequipalpia Kol.; these suborders are 

 retained even in some recent publications. 



Kolenati gives diagnoses of the suborders Inaequipalpia and Aequipalpia 

 in Latin, including adults, larvae and pupae. 



McLachlan (1874—1880; 1884) published a large monograph on Trichop- 

 tera in the 19th century. He enriched our knowledge of the Trichoptera of 

 the world by numerous descriptions of new species; he also critically 

 examined old descriptions, established synonymies and worked out a well- 

 substantiated classification. The classical work of McLachlan is a mile- 

 stone between the old and new taxonomy of Trichoptera, and determined the 

 trend for improvements of the system. 



McLachlan accepted the division of the order into the suborders 

 Inaequipalpia Kol. and Aequipalpia Kol. with 3 families in the first sub- 

 order (Phryganeidae Burm., Limnophilidae Kol. and Sericostomatidae Steph.) 

 and 4 families in the second (Leptoceridae Leach., Hydropsychidae Curt., 

 Rhyacophilidae Steph. and Hydroptilidae Steph.). McLachlan divided the large 

 131 families, which had been sufficiently studied, into sections, e. g., the large 

 family Hydropsychidae (including most of the future Annulipalpia Martynov, 

 1924) into 5 sections. He recorded one character common to all members 

 of this group, the presence of an elongate, flagelliform, last palpal segment 

 with numerous transverse divisions, and wrote (1874—1880:349): "The 

 Hydropsychidae form a very numerous family, made up of incongruous 

 materials, but all agreeing in the peculiar formation of the terminal joint 

 of the palpi, which character separates them at once from all others." This 

 penetrating taxonomist thus predicted the unification of the preceding groups 

 into the suborder Annulipalpia Mart. 



* See Ulmer's bibliography (1903:137—146) which includes works from 1730 to 1903 containing data on the 

 early stages of caddis flies. Important bibliographies for the first half of the 20th century and before 

 were published by Thienemann, 1905b:561-569; Siltala, 1907:615-624; Betten, 1934:419-473; Martynov, 

 1934:307-317; Nielsen, 1942:626-631; Ross, 1956:196-202. 

 ** See Fischer's catalog (1960:1). 



t In the first part of his work, Kolenati considered the Inaequipalpia and Aequipalpia as families: 



1. Heteropalpoidea Kol. and 2. Isopalpoidea; in the second part, he renamed them Inaequipalpidae and 

 Aequipalpidae; groups considered at present as families were treated by him as tribes. 



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