165 



lowest family of Neochaetoidea and its larvae are the least specialized. 

 The Hydropsychidae are the highest family of Neochaetoidea; they are most 

 specialized and their secondary chaetotaxy is the most abundant. 



A general picture of the phylogeny of the Annulipalpia and the phylogenetic 

 relationships among^its families according to the early stages of 

 development is given in Figure 168. 



t3 







■^ 





c^ 



C3 



1 



1 



FIGURE 168. Phylogenetic scheme of the Annulipalpia: 



I - larvae living in fixed shelters; II - free -living larva with or without portable cases. 

 1 - predators, most of which build capturing nets; 2 - microphages building tunnel- shaped 

 tubes; 3 - shieldlike cases; 4 - sacciform or tubular cases. 1' - screenlike capturing nets; 

 1" - capturing net (if present) funnel-shaped; 2' - labium prolonged in form of a ligula; 

 2" - labrum membranous or with a brush; 3' - only the pupa has a shieldlike case; larvae 

 without cases; 3" - larvae living in portable, shieldlike cases; 4' - case saclike, built only 

 of secretion or of secretion with a thin outer layer of small mineral or plant particles; 4" - 

 tubular case with an outer layer of varying structure which is often coarse, unwieldy and 

 consists of large mineral or plant particles. 



155 



