METHODS OF COLLECTION, BREEDING AND 

 CONSERVATION 



Larvae and pupae of Trichoptera are collected by the usual methods for 

 the study of the bottom fauna of stagnant or flowing water bodies; these 

 methods have been described in "Zhizn' presnykh vod" (Life in Fresh- 

 water Bodies) and in other articles (Gerd, 1951; Zhadin, 1956, I960). In 

 the transparent water of springs, brooks, spring puddles or ponds, in the 

 littoral zone of lakes and similar biotopes, caddis fly larvae are easily seen; 

 they may be collected by hand, with a small net (Figure 170) or with a 

 small metal sieve (Figure 1 71 ). Material from shallow water further from 

 the shore is collected with a small dredge (Figure 172). 



[180) 



FIGURES 170-174. Collection tools: 



170 - hand net; 171 - metal sieve; 172 — small triangular dredge; 173 

 Dorogostaiskii's dredge; 174 — Sigsby trawl. 



Examination of deeper water (0.5—1 m) has to be made blindly, with a 

 hand net or scaper on a long rod. For greater depths, dredges, trawls or 

 bottom samplers have to be used; caddis fly larvae do not live deeper than 

 10—12 m in large rivers, in the plains; and not deeper than 20—30 m in the 

 sublittoral of lakes. Only isolated specimens or specimens carried from 

 shallower parts are found at such depths. The samples are washed in a 

 metal sieve with a mesh of about 1 mm 2 . 



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