Anal legs slightly shorter than in T. waeneri. Hickin (1950:105) gives 

 8 distodorsal setae, one of them short; claw without ventral spinules. 



Pupa. Pupal case situated in the distal, broad part of the tubular tunnel; 

 walls thick, built of fine sand grains, ventral surface open; pupae lying in 

 a cocoon of loose tissue. 



401 



FIGURES 558-562. Tinodes pallidula McL. (after Hickin): 



558 - head dorsal (A) and ventral (B); 559 - left mandible, dorsal (A), right 

 mandible, inner dorsal view;(B); 560 - labium, lateral; 561 - thoracic seg- 

 ments, dorsal; 562 — tubular tunnel of larva and pupal chamber. 



Mode of life and habitats. Larvae living in tubular tunnels 

 (Figure 5 62) made of loose tissue, covered with fine sand grains or silt; 

 anterior end of case broad. Detrito- and microphagous. Living in slow 

 brooks and rivulets, especially in ravines. 



Distribution. USSR: Petrokrepost'. In addition, Central and 

 southern Europe. 



2. Genus Lype McLachlan 



Full-grown larva. Length 8—11 mm. Head short and broad. Fronto- 

 clypeus with straight anterior margin; posterior frontal seta longer than the 



450 



