171 



11. CoRvus CORAX, Linn. 



Pretty common in the Valley of Cashmere ; abundant all over 

 Ladakh, found at very high elevations in the latter mountains ; ex- 

 tends northwards to Chinese Tartary. {Fide Thomson's 'Travels in 

 Tibet and Nobra,' p. 430.) 



The species is common in the Northern Punjab, Upper Scinde, 

 and Afghanistan. I have compared specimens with Corous tibe- 

 tanus (Hodgson), and consider them identical. 



12. CoRvus cuLMiNATUS, Sykcs. 



Common on the ranges southward of the Valley of Cashmere. 



13. CoRvus coRONE, Liuu. 



Valley and mountains of Cashmere ; common. I have not been 

 able to find this species in any list of birds from the Western Hima- 

 layas, and unfortunately the specimens I killed in Cashmere were 

 lost ; but I have no doubt as to their identity. It is a native of 

 Afghanistan. 



Note. — Corvus frugilegus is a winter visitor to the districts 

 forming the north-western boundary of the Punjab. Certainly not 

 a summer resident in the Valley of Cashmere, but may be found 

 there in winter. 



14. Corvus — — ? 



Intermediate between the European Jackdaw and the last species, 

 there is a crow which I consider distinct from any yet described, and 

 which at first sight might easily be confounded with the last*. 

 Generally seen in flocks on the lesser Himalayan ranges ; is abun- 

 dant on the mountains around the Valley of Cashmere, and eastward 

 on the ranges near the European stations at Dugshai and Simla. 

 The collection containing specimens of this bird was lost. I have, 

 however, preserved the following notes : — " Nostrils covered with 

 incumbent bristles ; uniform colour, metallic black. Tail wedge- 

 shaped. The tertials are mucronate at the tips. Its flight is rapid 

 and strong, habits familiar ; and is generally seen feeding in villages or 

 around the hill stations. I consider this species distinct from C. 

 corone on account of its smaller size. I propose the name Corvus 

 intermedius for this species." 



15. Corvus monedula, Linn. 



Very common in the Valley of Cashmere ; but does not proceed 

 northwards. Builds in all the old and ruined palaces, and migrates 

 to the Northern Punjab during the winter months. 



16. Corvus splendens, Vieill. 



Not common in Cashmere. Seldom seen any distance from the 

 towns or villages. 



* See J. A. S. No. LXIX. 601. Indian Oology, by W. Theobald, Esq.—" A 

 small black Hill-crow which builds in chunar trees." Evidently this species. 



