447 



Rangkok or YoNGRANG, Java (Horsfield) . 



Male and female obtained at Malacca. 



" The sexes of this Hornbill are distinguished by the posterior 

 surface of the horn, above the forehead, being black in the male, 

 and concolorous with the rest of the horn in the female ; besides 

 which the male has a black line dividing the bill and casque, and 

 continued forward and upward upon the latter, parallel with its 

 anterior margin. It may be remarked further, that this species 

 seems to wear away the cutting edges of its mandibles more than any 

 other ; so that, when the tips meet, a wide hollow occurs along the 

 medial portion of its bill." — Bhjth. 



129. HOMRAIUS BICORNIS. 



Buceros bicornis, Linn. (Levaill. Ois. d'Am. et Ind. t. 7, 8). 



Homraius bicornis, Bonap. Ateneo Ital. (1854) ; Moore, Catal. 

 Birds Mus. E. I. C. ii. p. 583. 



Buceros cavatus, Shaw (Levaill. t. .3, 4, 5) ; Raffles, Trans. Linn. 

 Soc. xiii. p. 291 ; Gould, Cent, of B. tab. 44 ; Jerdon, Madras Journ. 

 xi. p. 37 ; Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xii. p. 986 ; xiv. p. 187 ; xvi. p. 993 ; 

 Tickell, J. A. S. Beng. xxiv. p. 279. 



Buceros homrai, Hodgson, J. A. S. Beng. i. p. 251 (1832); Asiatic 

 Res. 1833, p. 169, tab. 



Bifid-casqued Hornbill, Shaw. 



Concave-casqued Hornbill, Shaw. 



Ban Rao {i. e. Jungle King), Masuri (Hutton). 



HoMRAi, Nepal (Hodgson). 



Garuda, natives of Forests of S. India (Jerdon). 



Malah-moraykey, Malyalum (Elliot). 



TouNY-YENG, Arracan (Phayre). 



BuRONG-OoNBAN, Malays (Raffles). 



Inggang Papan, Sumatra (Raffles). 



Adult male from Malacca, and adult and young female from 

 Penang. 



" This bird inhabits the extensive hill forests of all India, Assam, 

 Arracan, Tenasserim, Malayan Peninsula, and Sumatra. It does 

 not appear to be subject to any variation of plumage, either sexual 

 or according to age ; but there are some differences in the colouring 

 of the bill and casque of the sexes, and also of the irides." — Blyth. 



Mr. Hodgson in his description states that " the casque and upper 

 mandible are deep waxen-yellow, passing to rich red on the top of the 

 casque, and towards the tip of upper mandible ; the tip itself and 

 the lower mandible ivory white ; base of both mandibles, anterior 

 and posterior surface of the casque, a line along the ridge of the bill, 

 its cutting edges, and the whole inner surface of the bill, and naked 

 skin round the eyes, black ; iris intense crimson. The female, and 

 young of a year old, has the iris pure hoary, the naked skin of the 

 ophthalmic region pale purpurescent dusky ; and the black colour 

 which distinguishes the casque, and ridge, cutting edges, and interior 

 surface of the bill in the male, being red. 



