THE NEMATODE PARASITES OF ELEPHANTS. 205 



12. A Revision of the Nematode Parasites of Elephants, with 

 a description of four new species *. By M. Khalil, 

 M.D., D.P.H., D.T.M. & H.f 



(From the Helmintliological Department of the London School of 

 Tropical Medicine.) 



[Received March 2, 1922 : Read April 4, 1922.] 

 (Text-figures 1-71.) 



Since Cobbold's admirable work on the parasites of the Indian 

 elephant in 1882, our knowledge of the Helminths harboured 

 by this species of elephant has been considerably enlarged 

 by Lieut.-Col. 0. Lane, Railliet &, Henry, and others. Little 

 advance has been made regarding the parasites of the African 

 elephant. The new species recorded here, with one exception, 

 are parasites of the latter animal. 



The material upon which this study is based was collected by 

 Prof. Leiper in Uganda as far back as 1909 from two elephants 

 shot by him. In addition, specimens received from Dr. J. J. 

 Simpson, West Africa, the Raymond Laboratories in India, and 

 from Lieut.-Ool. C. Lane, the latter 's representing most of his type- 

 species from the Indian elephant, were available for study and 

 comparison. Leiper eniagalehi was collected by Prof. Leiper from 

 an Indian elephant that died in the London Zoological Society's 

 Gardens. 



Besides all this unique material, Prof. Leiper placed at my 

 disposal his extremely valuable notes on the type-species in the 

 Vienna and Berlin Natural History Museums. These proved to 

 be of great assistance with regard to Belascaris lonchoptera 

 Diesing, and Murshidia Uiisfoioi, sp. n. 



I feel deeply indebted to Prof. Leiper for his unrestricted 

 generosity and ever-ready help both as regards material and 

 information, without either of which this work could not have 

 been done. 



The nematode parasites of the elephants are peculiar to these 

 hosts, and it is an interesting fact that the parasites found in the 

 African and Indian elephants never belong to the same species. 

 Orammocejyhalus clathratus, which was formerly supposed to occur 

 in botii species of elephants, has lately been shown by Lane to 

 be represented in the Indian elephant by a separate species, 

 Mttrshidia falci/era is another example. In this paper it is 

 shown that the African elephant harbours two species of Mtir- 

 shidia, one of which apparently was mistaken for Mtirshidia 

 falcifera. 



* Communicated by Prof. R. T. Leipee, D.Sc, M.D., F.Z.S. 



t In a preliminary note published in the Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, for Feb. 1922, 

 brief diagnoses were given of two new genera and seven new species which are here 

 fullv described and illustrated. 



Peoc. Zool. Soc— 1922, No. XY. 15 



