238 



General Notices. 



of making perfectly correct outlines of landscapes, or any other objects 

 whatever, who have never been taught to draw. The sketches drawn 

 by Captain Hall in North America were made by this instrument ; and 

 the very lines, traced on the spot, were transferred to the plates ; " in 

 order," as Captain Hall observes, " to preserve, as far as possible, the 

 character of truth which the mechanical accuracy of the camera lucida 

 communicates to its work, even in hands but little familiar with the manage- 

 ment of the pencil." 



Varley's Gh-aphic Telescope differs from the camera lucida in acting by 

 reflection, whereas the camera acts by refraction. The graphic telescope 

 is capable of being used as an ordinary telescope. Some ideas of its won- 

 derful powers in assisting correct delineation may be formed, from the 

 circumstance of its having been emplo}'ed by Mr. Horner, in making the 

 original sketches for the panorama of London, from the summit of the 

 cross on the dome of St. Paul's, now exhibiting in the Colosseum. 



We have thought it advisable to direct the attention of young gardeners 

 to this instrument, and the preceding one, in order that such of them as 

 are sent out as collecting botanists may not fail to take one with them, 

 and make sketches of whatever they see interesting. Had a certain young 

 man, that we could name, recently returned from South America, had one 

 of these instruments, and made use of it, he might have sold his sketches 

 and his notes for what would nearly have paid his expenses. We trust 

 this hint will not be lost. — Cond. 



Sheds for Stone-breakers. — A correspondent in the Scotsman suggests 

 the humanity that would be evinced, and the advantages gained in addi- 

 tional labour, by movable coverings being provided for men who break 

 stones on the roadsides. This might easily be effected either by a tent 

 of simple construction covered with Edington's waterproof cloth, or by 

 four frames of straw matting, three for sides, and one for a roof. (See also 

 Vol. V. p. 678. fig. 156.) He should likewise be furnished with sabots for 

 his feet. — Cond. 



The Normandy Wheelbarrow. — You should strongly recommend this to 

 market-gardeners. I send you a sketch of one which I saw in daily use for 

 two years during my stay at Honfleur and Lisieux. There is a subscription- 

 garden at the latter place, of which a friend of mine intends to send you 

 some account [given p. 66.]. In the mean time, as to this barrow, it has very 

 long handles or shafts, the advantage of which is, that, when the barrow is 

 loaded, nearly all the weight is thrown on the axle ; so that the barrow-man 

 has almost nothing to carry. From the view of the upper side of the barrow 

 (fig. 43. a), the side-view (b), and the given length of the shafts, any wheel- 



nar 



7 m ^% _ 



wright may be able to construct one. A shoulder-strap, of a very simple 

 construction (c), is useful in saving the operator's arms. — J. M. Lisieux, 



