440 Memoirs of the Caledonian Horticultural Society. 



such a depth that its bottom shall be 6 in. below the roots of 

 the tree ; carefully paring round the circle, so that the ball 

 of earth may be preserved entire. When the ground is of a 

 sandy or gravelly nature, it will be necessary to begin at the 

 bottom of the bulb, and wrap it closely round with hay ropes 

 till you come within 3 in. or 4 in. from the surface. As sandy 

 or gravelly ground has a tendency to fall from the roots, it will 

 be necessary, in order to prevent this, to raise the plant gently 

 on one side, to place under it a little straw, and to bind this 

 with hay ropes ; and then to raise it on the other side like- 

 wise, and secure it in the same manner. In order to lighten 

 the ball as much as possible, pare off a little earth from the 

 top of it, to the depth of the surface roots. That the plant 

 may be safely conveyed to the place intended for it, you must 

 be provided with a deal-bottomed handbarrow and truck. 

 The mode of getting the plant on the barrow is, by raising it 

 on one side, pressing in the edge of the barrow, and sliding 

 the plant gently on till it be fairly balanced." 



In placing the plant in the pit, " lay the steels of the bar- 

 row 15 in. or 18 in. over the pit," in which there should be 

 two men ready to receive the plant; and then " let one or two 

 persons raise the other end of the barrow to such a position 

 that the plant may slide gently into the centre of the pit." 

 Being placed upright, fill in round it the best part of the sur- 

 face soil; and when within Sin. of the surrounding surface, 

 put in decayed leaves to the depth of 3 in. After this, cover 

 up the whole with the inferior or subsoil taken from the bot- 

 tom of the pit, forming a basin round the plant for retaining 

 water. Tread in the soil a little, if it should be found neces- 

 sary ; but depend chiefly upon watering, for consolidating it 

 about the roots. From ten to twenty large pots of water 

 should be immediately given, according to the size of the 

 plant and the quantity of loose earth in the pit. If the wea- 

 ther should prove dry afterwards, the leaves should be watered 

 in the evenings. Mr. Stuart has planted evergreens with suc- 

 cess at all seasons ; but he considers the last three months of 

 the year best, when the weather is mild. 



Forest Trees from 10/?. to 25ft. high, and the Trunk mea- 

 suring, breast-high, from 5 in. to 1 8 in. in Circumference. — 

 Proportion the pits to the trees. For trees 10 ft. high, the 

 pits ought to be 5 ft. in diameter ; for 15, 6 ft., and for 25, 9 ft. 

 in diameter. The depth should be from 2 ft. to 3 ft., and the 

 width at bottom 1 ft. more than at top. Separate the soil as 

 before directed. In taking up the trees, describe a circle of 

 4 ft. in diameter round those which are 1 ft. high ; of 7 ft. or 

 8 ft. round those which are 25 ft. high ; and so on in propor- 



