Labourers' Gardens. 529 



present themselves abundantly, growing upon living trees 

 and bushes. On the road from the ferry of Windermere 

 to Hawkshead, the yew exhibits itself singularly upon the 

 mountains. The mountain ash, the juniper, the common stone 

 crop, and others of the same species, are all natives of the Lake 

 district; and that humble but beautiful plant, »Saxifraga bp- 

 positifolia, is said to inhabit the mountains. 



I have lately been employed to lay out the grounds of a 

 clergyman of the name of Hewgill, in Nottinghamshire, who 

 is pursuing similar steps to Mrs. Starkey. He keeps in his 

 garden a stock of the best sorts of apples and other fruit trees, 

 selected from the London nurseries, to distribute among his 

 poor parishioners, as they may be wanted. This, together with 

 friendly attention in numerous instances, appears to have 

 gained him much respect amongst them. Mr. Hewgill says, 

 so comfortable are the working class of his parishioners, that 

 their situations are enviable: the whole of them keep cows, 

 besides being regularly employed. In this neighbourhood, 

 near to Gainsborough, caraway seeds grow naturally in the 

 pastures, and are gathered by children, and sold at one 

 shilling per pound. The churchyard is planted in seve- 

 ral parts, amongst the graves, with thriving evergreens, 

 such as cedar of Lebanon, red cedars, arbor-vitses, ilexes, 

 &c. ; and the porch of the church is covered over with the 

 China rose, Greville rose, and the blotched-leaved ^41aternus. 



I am, dear Sir, yours, &c. 

 Knowstrop, near Leeds, March 6. 1832. Joshua Major. 



■ 



Art. IV. On Gardens for the labouring Poor. By Selim. 



Sir, 



Of all the plans recently suggested for improving the con- 

 dition of the labouring classes, that of supplying them with 

 land at a moderate rent is perhaps the one most likely to 

 accomplish the object in view ; though, to insure success, it 

 requires judgment in the application; for, if a labourer has 

 more land than he can cultivate profitably, that is, more than 

 he can manure and cultivate at leisure hours, it will prove a 

 disadvantage to him rather than a benefit ; and this disad- 

 vantage will increase, the longer he continues to occupy and 

 exhaust the land. In supplying the poor with land, there- 

 fore, two things should be specially considered; viz., how much 

 a working man can cultivate without interfering with his 

 ordinary labour ; and how much he can manure. As to the 



Vol. VIII. — No. 40. m m 



