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Anal appendages short, wide, lobe -shaped, pointed on the inner side or 

 forming a short digitiform process; each lobe with 4 setae near posterior 

 margin. 



Pupal case resembling the larval case, usually longer, 45— 50 mm long 

 in large species; anterior and posterior opening closed by a sievelike, 

 membranous operculum with large, dense meshes in most species; anterior 

 membrane usually situated inside the case, but absent in some species. Case 

 attached among plants near the shore, its anterior opening covered with 

 moss or thin, narrow stalks and leaves of aquatic plants. 



Mode of life and habitats. Stagnant water of various types, 

 large lakes to small, swampy water bodies; slow rivers, brooks and 

 rivulets, usually in forests, including draining ditches, among vegetation 

 or on the bottom. 



Distribution. Throughout the USSR. In addition, Europe, Asia, 

 North Africa, North America, Chile. 



Key to Genera 

 Full-grown larva 



1 (l4). Mesonotum entirely membranous, without sclerites. 



2 (l3). Thoracic segments and abdominal segment 1 without dark, 



longitudinal lateral stripes. 



3 (l2). Dark, median pattern or dots on frontoclypeus. 



4 (ll). Frontoclypeus with dark, longitudinal, median stripe of varying 



width, but not occupying the whole sclerite. Brush on mandibles 

 absent. Large (l 8— 40 mm). 



5 (8). Median stripe of frontoclypeus uniformly wide or wider posteriorly, 



dark or slightly dark, almost entirely replaced by dense dots. 



6 (v). Median stripe of frontoclypeus more or less widened posteriorly. 



Case with spirally arranged plant fragments, or part of a stalk 



of Gramineae. Fresh, usually stagnant water 



1. Agrypnia Curt. (p. 18) 



7 (6). Median stripe of frontoclypeus uniformly wide, dark, occupying 



almost the whole sclerite, or slightly dark, sometimes replaced 

 almost entirely by dots. Case with spirally or irregularly 

 arranged plant or mineral particles. Brackish water of lakes 

 and seashore 2. Agrypnetes McL. (p. 28) 



8 (5). Dark median stripe of frontoclypeus uniformly narrow. 



9 (10). Head light ventrally or with a few dots which are not always 



distinct 3. Phryganea L. (p. 34) 



10 (9). Head with short, dark, longitudinal stripe ventrally on each 



side or with a large dark spot, with groups of dots 



4. Dasystegia Wall. (p. 44) 



11 (4). Frontoclypeus completely or almost completely dark. Brush on 



mandibles present. Abdominal segment 1 without dorsal process. 

 Larva medium sized 9. Trichostegia Kol. (p. 70) 



12 (3). Frontoclypeus light in middle, dark laterally 



8. Hagenella Mart. (p. 68) 



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