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Pupal case to 23 mm long; anterior sievelike cover about 5 mm from 

 the end; both ends of pupal case covered with moss. 



Mode of life and habitats. Ponds, small swamps, and other 

 small stagnant water bodies. 



Distribution. Northern, central, and western parts of European 

 USSR. In addition. Northern, Central and Western Europe. 



II. Family L 1 MNO PH I L I D A E Kolenati 



Full-grown larva. Head usually almost as long as wide, sometimes 

 slightly oblong. Eyes far from anterior margin; antennae usually in 

 m.iddle between eyes and anterior margin; sensillae small. Frontoclypeus 

 with wide anterior part and deep lateral indentation. Ventral surface short 

 in middle. Gula small, triangular, reaching or almost reaching occipital 

 foramen. Pattern of dark stripes and spots present, or head uniformly 

 dark, without pattern. Only primary setae usually present; sometimes 

 several small secondary setae on head. 



Labrum with deep median indentation and short sclerites at posterior 

 angles. Mandibles short, chisel-like; distal margin wide, with small, blunt 

 denticles or without teeth, smooth; brush short, situated near dorsal 

 margin of mandible. Submentum with 2 longitudinal sclerites; stipes 

 wide; maxillary palps with short segments. 



Pronotum and mesonotum sclerotized. Metanotum with 3 pairs of small, 

 characteristically arranged tergites, of which the anterior median sclerites 

 are sometimes fused, the lateral sclerites oblong. Sternites present on 

 prothorax only, or sometimes on all 3 thoracic segments in form of small 

 sclerites or dots. 



Ventral horn large, slightly sclerotized, blunt. Pleurites large, with 

 secondary setae on meso- and metathorax. 



Forelegs shorter and more massive than the others; mid- and hind legs 

 similar, hind legs thinner and shorter than midlegs. Secondary setae in 

 basal part of leg (coxa, trochanter and femur) usually present in small 

 numbers. 



Abdominal segment 1 with a dorsal and lateral processes; dorsal process 

 smaller than lateral processes. Lateral line present on segments 3—8. 

 Gills on segments 1—8, in dorsal, pleural, and ventral rows, with 1, 2, 3, 

 rarely 4—12 or more, filaments. 



Sclerite of segment 9 transverse, with several secondary setae including 

 a single medioanal seta. Anal legs short, with large sclerite "b". Claw 

 small. 



Case of varying form, with a covering of plant or mineral particles, 

 sometimes large and made of large rods and pieces of detritus. 



Pupa. Body usually cylindrical. Labrum short, wide, with indistinct 

 median process, with small anterior -margin seta and 5 long surface setae 

 with hooked end. Lateral seta of anteclypeus smaller than the 2 others. 



Mandibles massive at the base; apex narrow, pointed, without serration 

 or with serrated blade. 



Midlegs usually of natatorial type with rows of setae on tarsal 

 segments 1—4. 



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