Dorsal process of abdominal segment 1 dark brown, narrower apically, 

 with short black setae lateral to saddle -shaped indentation. Holding 

 apparatus on segments 4—7, number of spinules: IV:4— 5; V:4— 5+ 17; 

 VI: 3— 4; VII: 3— 4. Lateral line consisting of dense, grayish black setae 

 on segments 5—8. Gills as in larva. 



Dorsal surface of segment 9 with 4 setae on each side, including 3 thick, 

 moderately long, black setae and a thin, small, brownish seta. 



Anal rods slightly wider at end, curved laterally, covered with small 

 spinules, especially in posterior part, with a small, thin seta basally, 

 terminal third with a slightly larger seta, apical part with 2 strong, 

 larger setae. 



Pupal case with a sievelike membrane anteriorly and posteriorly; 

 anterior membrane situated at anterior margin, posterior membrane at 

 a marked distance from posterior margin. Case covered with fragments 

 of sedge or other plants, loosely attached at one end so that it becomes 

 spindle-shaped (Figure 276). 



Mode of life and habitats. Small water bodies with rich 

 vegetation; littoral vegetation of lakes; phytophagous and detritophagous. 



Distribution. European USSR, especially northwestern, western, 

 central, and southern parts, Caucasus. In addition, Europe. 



2. Grammotaulius signatipennis McLachlan, larva nova 



Full-grown larva.* Length 26—32 mm. Head (Figure 277, A) yellowish 

 or light yellowish, dark reddish brown near base of mandibles, blackish 

 brown near antennae. Frontoclypeus with narrow, golden brown stripe 

 near anterior margin; posterior angle and middle of anterior 

 part light brown; anterior part laterally with 3 pale dots; 3 median dots 

 slightly posteriorly; posterior part with large, wedge-shaped, punctate 

 pattern, including curved posterior row of larger and darker dots. Dorsal 

 and lateral stripes absent, these areas divided by a stripe from eye to 

 seta 16, and slightly lighter than other surface; 2 transverse rows of 

 3—4 dots in area of dorsal stripes; rows and groups of numerous, dense 

 dots lateral to coronal suture and in area of lateral stripes; groups of 

 numerous dots on a lighter background ventrally lateral to occipital 

 foramen. Anterior submarginal stripe slightly lighter than remaining 

 head surface; gula the same, its posterior end prolonged as in 

 G.atomarius. Most setae, including the thin setae, black. 



Median and intermediate anterior -margin seta large, thick, black, 

 moderately long, the latter slightly larger; lateral anterior-margin seta 

 short, light, curved inward; anterior frontal seta the same, procumbent; 

 posterior frontal seta short, light; seta 7 black, moderately long, like 

 anterior median seta; setae 9 and 14 thick, long; seta 14 larger than 9; 

 setae 11 and 13 situated posterior to 9 and 14, black, short, thin; seta 10 

 situated near eye, thin, brown; seta 12 strong, situated behind eye; seta 17 

 situated at angle near frontal sutures, thick, moderately long; seta 15 

 slightly shorter, thin, blackish brown; seta 16 light, short, curved. Ventral 

 side: seta 8 small, brown; seta 18 very small, light (Figure 277, B). 



* Described from material from Bel'skoe village in Kalinin Region, 10 June 1950, a swampy puddle; 



depth 0.2 — 0.6m, with sedge and moss; larvae, pupae, and adults, collected by S.Lepneva and A. Chistyakova. 



201 



