Claw as in D. pugnax, light brown, reddish brown apically with a large 

 dorsal denticle; setae as in D. pugnax: seta 1 situated almost subdorsally 

 in basal part, short, light brown, thin; seta 3 situated in distal part, long, 

 reddish brown, largest on the claw, much longer than claw; seta 2 situated 

 dorsally near end of suture, much smaller than seta 6, which is situated near 

 distal end of suture, and is moderately long, reddish brown; ventral setae 7 

 and 8 thick, light, projecting slightly beyond apex of claw; setae 4 and 5 

 small, thin, 4 situated medially near 8, which is lateral to 7; seta 5 slightly 

 larger than seta 4. 



Case 8.0— 8.5 mm long, made of sand, slightly curved, narrower 

 posteriorly, with round cross section; posterior end closed by a membrane 

 with a wide, round hole (Figure 615). 



Mode of life and habitats. Small mountain brooks and rivulets. 



Distribution. USSR: The Caucasus. 



3. Genus Crunoecia McLachlan 



Full-grown larva. Length 6—7.5 mmi. Head yellowish brown, with 

 groups of lighter dots; pronotum brownish anteriorly, yellowish white 

 posteriorly. 



Case 7—9 mm long, made of detritus, tetrahedral, sometimes (in young 

 larvae) with sand grains posteriorly and detritus anteriorly. 



Mode of life and habitats. Springs and spring-fed brooks, an 

 element of the "fauna hygropetrica" near banks of clear brooks and 

 rivulets, among humid moss, kept wet by splashes from current. 



Distribution. Western part of the European USSR. In addition, 

 Europe. 



1. Crunoecia irrorata Curtis 



Morton, 1885-1886:43.- Klapalek, 1893:71-75, Figure 19.- Lampert, 

 1900:204, Figure 78.- Ulmer, 1903:91 . - Thienemann, 1905b:528-529, 553, 

 555-557, Figures 9,10,49,50,118.- Siltala, 1906:58-60, Figure 5.- Ulmer, 

 1909:274-275,317.- Lestage, 1921:904-910, Figures 323-325.- Thienemann, 

 1925:50-52, Figure 20.- Lepneva, 1940:217.- Nielsen, 1942:465-482, 

 Figures 105-116.- Hickin, 1954:172-173, Figures 1-7.- Brindle, 1964:198, 

 Figure 11. 



Full-grown larva. Length 5.5—7.2 mm. Metathorax and abdominal 

 segments 1—8 wider than head and 2 anterior, thoracic segments (Figure 616) 

 Head slightly oblong (Figure 617, A) with curved sides; maximal width 

 0.61— 0.74 mm, length/ width ratio 1:0.88; dorsal surface reddish brown, 

 periocular area convex, light; antennae situated directly before eye. 

 Frontoclypeus relatively narrow; frontal sutures curved; indentation near 

 tentorial pit barely visible (sclerite of normal form in stage 3 with a deep, 

 lateral indentation, which is still visible in stage 4). Dorsal surface without 

 dots; ventral surface lighter anteriorly than dorsal surface, blackish brown 

 posteriorly, with large, light streaks. Gula small, broadly triangular; area 

 behind suture whitish, without suture (Figure 617, B). 



454 



