ANATOMY OF CACOPUS SYSTOMA. 



529 



I therefore propose to call this the "pharyngeal organ" of Cacopus 

 systoma. It will be interesting to know if this structure is 

 present in the other members of the family Engystomatidee. 



On the outer surface of the pharynx, from each of the two 

 points roughly corresponding to the two ends of the second dermal 

 ridge, is given off a slip of tissue which is attached to the free end 

 of that arm of the pterygoid meeting the cranium. This arrange- 

 ment is presumably for the purpose of holding up the pharyngeal 

 wall which, in this region, is particularly heavy with the dermal 

 ridges and the "pharyngeal organ '"' described. 



The longitudinal folds of the mucous membrane of the stomach 

 appear to be more numerous than in Rana, and in the convex 

 region thereof they show a tendency to anastomose. The liver 



Text -figure 2. 



S.T. '^■M. L.M. 



A transverse section through the middle region of " the pharyngeal organ." 

 L.M., outer lengthwise muscles of the pharj'nx ; T.M., inner transverse ones 

 of the same; S.T., sub-connective tissue ; B., basement membrane ; L., lamellae; 

 E., ordinarj' stratified epithelial cells ; E.', the same epithelial cells enlarged 

 and forming a sac; X., cell-mass resulting from the fusion of two adjacent 

 lamellae ; D., an incipient duct. 



consists of but two lobes. Among the numerous specimens I 

 examined, I found eight — six females and two males — suffer- 

 ing from stone in the bladder. The proximal part of each 

 oviduct where it opens into the cloaca becomes enormously 

 dilated into a sac, Avhich may be distinguished as a uterus. In 

 this bag probably the eggs are stored before they are finally 

 passed out. It consists of a thick-walled, less capacious anterior 

 portion and a membranous spacious posterior part. The internal 

 lining of the former is thrown into numerous, densely- packed, 

 villi-like processes, visible to the naked eye. The two bags or 

 uteri are, along their inner sides, intimately connected by tissue ; 

 I do not think that there is an actual fusion betw^een their walls. 

 The kidney possesses a simple lobe towards the hind inner end. 



