566 . MR. W. R. B. OLIVER : REVIEW OF THE 



It has been the fashion recently to use the name Physeter 

 catodon for this species, its only claim being priority of place on 

 the page. On the other hand, its identity appears doubtful. 

 Gray, Cope, and others applied it to the Arctic White Whale, 

 whereas the identity of P. macrocejyhalus is clear, and the name 

 has been in general use since its publication. 



The Sperm Whale is found chiefly in tropical and warm 

 temperate seas, though it occurs as far south as the south of 

 New Zealand. It does not come close inshore like the Right 

 Whale and Humpback, hence it is seldom cast ashore, although, 

 strange to say, when this does happen, large schools are sometimes 

 involved. It has been recorded off the Chatham and Campbell 

 Islands. Lower jaws are preserved in the museums at Christ- 

 church and Dunedin. There is also in the British Museum the 

 lower jaw of a specimen taken between Cape Howe and New 

 Zealand. 



Kaipara Coast. — (a) A school of 27 Sperm Whales— males, 

 females, and young — stranded in 1895. (b) School of 25 stranded 

 opposite Dargaville, March 1918. Length varied from 22 to 

 45 ft. 



Cook Strait. — Head cast ashore at Waikanae (Hector, 1873). 



South of Few Zealand (Lat. S. 44° 56', Long. E. 172° 53').— 

 School of 12 seen 31st March, 1912 (Lillie). 



KOGIA. 



Kogia Gray, 1846, Zool. 'Erebus' & 'Terror,' Mamm. p. 22; 

 type, Physeter breviceps Blainville. 



KOGIA BREVICEPS. (PI. II. fig. 3.) 



Physeter breviceps Blainville, 1838, Ann. d'Anat. et Phys. vol. ii. 

 p. 337 (Cape of Good Hope). Kogia breviceps Blainv., Hector, 

 1878, Trans. N.Z. Inst. vol. x. p. 337. Cogia brevicepjs Blainv., 

 Benham, 1901, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1901, vol. i. p. 278 ; id. 1901, 

 1. c. vol. ii. p. 107; id. 1902, 1. c. vol. i. p. 54; id. 1902, Trans. 

 IST.Z. Inst. vol. xxxiv. p. 155. Euphysetes p)Ottsii von Haast, 

 1874 (June), Trans. N.Z. Inst. vol. vi. p. 97, pi. 15; id. 1874 

 (Oct.), Proc. Zool. Soc. 1874, p. 260. 



Though a rare whale, the Pigmy Sperm Whale has been taken 

 in all seas. Schulte in 1917 (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, 

 vol. xxxvii. p. 361) listed 21 occurrences, three of which were 

 from New Zealand. There are four skulls, without locality 

 stated (but presumably from Lyall Bay and Petone), in the 

 Dominion Museum, Wellington. Altogether at least 11 speci- 

 mens have been cast ashore in New Zealand during the past 

 40 years. . 



Napier. — 1892. Skull in Otago Museum. 



Wanganui Beach. — (a) Skeleton and stuffed skin in the Wan- 

 ganui Museum. Yertebrse : C. 7, D. 12, L. & Ca. 26-|- =45-f-.. 

 Cervicals fused. Capitulum of first rib articulates with centrum 



