THE ANATOMY OF THE TONGUES OF THE MAMMALIA. 639 



33. The Comparative Anatomy of the Tongues o£ the 

 Mammalia. — VII. Cetacea, Sirenia, and Ungulata. 

 By Charles F. Sonntag, M.D., F.Z.S., Anatomist to 

 the Society. 



[Received April 18, 1922 : Read May 9, 1922.] 

 (Text-figm-es 25-30.) 



C0NTE:!fTS. 



Introduction 639 



Order Cetacea 639 



„ Sirenia 646 



„ Ungulata 647 



Summary and Conclusions 654 



Bibliography 655 



Introduction. 



In papers * on the tongues of the Primates, I showed that the 

 mobility is well marked, the gustatory and secretory organs are 

 well developed, and the papillae are not specialised for one kind 

 of food. In the remaining mammalian orders one or more of 

 these characters is highly developed, or greatly diminished, in 

 accordance with the nature of the diet and mode of feeding. As 

 the literature contains many descriptions of individual tongues, 

 the remaining papers of this series will be limited to general 

 descriptions of the difierent types, and special attention will be 

 paid to physiology and classification. 



The present paper is based on the examination of specimens in 

 the Society's Prosectorium, the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), 

 and the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons. 



Order CETACEA. 

 List of specimens examined. 

 Suborder Mystacoceti (Baleen Whales). 

 Pieces of tongue of Balcena and Bcdoeiioptera. 



Suborder Odontoceti (Toothed Whales). 



Sperm Whale {Physeter macrocejjhahis), Sowerby's Beaked 

 Whale {Mesoplodon bidens), Beluga {Delphinaptei^us leucas). 

 Porpoise {Phoccena communis), Cep)hcdorhynchus eutropia, Risso's 

 Dolphin {Grrampus griseus), Common Dolphin [Delpliinus delphis), 

 Bottle-nosed Dolphin {Tursiops titrsio), White-beaked Dolphin 

 {Lagenorhynchus cdbirostris). 



* P. Z. S. 1922, pp. 1-29, 277-322, 497-524, 741-767. 



