820 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



spine below eye on suborbital, from which a ridge runs 

 along lower edge of preorbital to end of snout, below 

 posterior end of rostral groove; on this ridge is a trian- 

 gular spine pointing backwards; between this and the 

 suborbital spine is an acute outward pointing spine not 

 much widened at its base; interorbital concave, its width 

 equal to the length of the eye, 2 in snout; supraorbital 

 rim prominent. The dorsal ridge of body is continuous 

 with occipital and supraorbital spines, it joins its fellow of 

 the opposite side posteriorly, directly behind the second 

 dorsal, and is continued simple on caudal peduncle; the 

 spines are large and strongly hooked back anteriorly, be- 

 coming nearly obsolete posteriorly, only traceable on cau- 

 dal peduncle by the center of each plate on the median 

 line being slightly produced; spines on lateral ridges with 

 .stronger spines near middle of body than anteriorly or 

 posteriorly; two or three blunt spines above base of pec- 

 toral, indicating an obsolete ridge between lateral ridges; 

 lateral line at end of pectoral fin running along the upper 

 lateral ridge a short distance, and becoming obsolete an- 

 teriorly; spines of abdominal ridge low and blunt, nearly 

 obsolete posteriorly; the ridge joins its fellow of the oppo- 

 site side directly behind base of anal fin and continues as 

 a single low ridge on caudal peduncle ; a small plate be- 

 fore base of each ventral; a median row of three running 

 forward to gill membrane, three on each side of these, a 

 row around base of pectorals. Origin of dorsal behind 

 the fourth dorsal plate; including the membrane behind, 

 it covers 9 plates; one plate between dorsals; the second 

 dorsal covers 8 plates, behind which are 14 plates; the 

 last ray of first and second dorsal and anal, are connected 

 to the body by a membrane; upper ray of pectoral the 

 longest, reaching to below the ninth or tenth spine of dor- 

 sal ridge, the lower rays slightly produced beyond the 

 membrane. 



