BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF FIGS. 915 



funnel-shaped, often, or perhaps generally, divided, one 

 projection of the stigma being longer than the other. 

 With a higher magnifying power the margin and upper 

 surface of the stigma is seen to consist of a layer of 

 minute glands, of a warty appearance, while from the 

 center of the stigmatic funnel extends downwards a nar- 

 row canal or lumen, which passes through the whole 

 length of the style and down through one side of the 

 ovary, here bending upward and touching the very em- 

 bryo. When the female flowers are receptive, that is 

 when they are in condition to receive the pollen from the 

 male flowers, these glands become greatly swollen and 

 somewhat glossy, of a green or light green color, which 

 after the receptive stage is passed changes to a bright 

 brown, The inner surface of figs in such a stage are 

 seen to be spotted brown when cut open. The stigma 

 attains its recepitvity long before the male flowers are 

 ripe in the same fig receptacle. This difference in the 

 maturity of the flowers makes it impossible for the female 

 flowers to be fertilized or pollinated by the male flowers 

 of the same fig. Thus the female flowers of the mam- 

 moni can only be pollinated by the male flowers of the 

 preceding crop — the profichi. 



The crops of the edible figs do not exactly correspond 

 with those of the caprifig. Thus when the male flowers 

 of the profichi are ripe, and at a time when the other 

 flowers in this fig have passed their prime months before 

 the female flowers of the second crop Smyrna figs have 

 just attained the state of receptivity. They can therefore 

 be pollinated by the male flowers of the profichi of the 

 caprifigs. The time for this pollination is June or July 

 according to climatic conditions in various countries. 

 This rule as to the difference in time of ripening of the 

 male and female flowers in the caprifig holds also good in 



