lOOO CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



the caprifig. A second inquiline (the Apocrypta paradoxa Coquerel) is found 

 associated with the former iu this fig, and it appears that also in other 

 Sycomore fig species are found several species of inquilines living together. 

 Wild fig species v^hich I found in Mexico, were also inhabited by different 

 Blastophaga3. 



92. This statement I take from B. M. Lelong's report. My own ex- 

 perience is that trees grown from cuttings sucker as much as any others. 



93. E. W. Maslin, of Placer county, has grown a large number of 

 seedlings from Smj'rna figs, but none of them has proved valuable or has 

 even properly matured its fruit. W. M. Williams has told me of a seedling 

 fig [originated in Los Angeles county, and Prof. E. J. Wickson in his 

 California fruits, etc., refers to a " seedling fig grown by Major Reading 

 in 1858, which bore figs of uncommon size." In the Mediterranean 

 countries figs are frequently originated from seed accidentally, but few 

 varieties prove of any value. Solms-Laubach refers to figs growing wild in 

 France, which must have come from seeds, I, pp. 64, 65, and which did 

 not show fertile seeds. He attributes their origin to the aid of birds, 

 which must have brought the seed with them from southern districts 

 where the caprifig exists, probably on their migration flights from Africa 

 and south Italy towards the north. The caprifig seeds itself regularly in 

 all countries where the Blastophaga is found, but not in other places, 

 which indicates that even the caprifig must be caprificated. 



94. These notes are principally from Prof. Van Deman's account in the 

 U. S. Depart, of Agriculture, Divis. of Pomology, Bulletin No. 1, 1887, 

 p. 90, and from. 



95. P. J. Berkman, in the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Special Report, 

 No. 4, p. 8. 



96. Denotowitch, Anthony C, now of Fresno, California, late of Aidin, 

 Smyrna, has given me several points of interest in regard to Smyrna figs. 

 He has imported to Fresno several varieties of figs from Smyrna, and 

 during the months of May and June, 1895, he received regular shipments 

 of caprifigs with Blastophagse every fifteen days. These were placed in a 

 fig orchard some six miles east of Fresno, but no results have been yet 

 recorded, nor could any well be expected for several months to come. 



97. As has already been stated, the first introduction of Blastophaga 

 psenes was made bj'^ Mr. Shinn, at Niles, but want of sufficient caprifigs 

 for their propagation made the venture a failure. There was at the time 

 only one car)rifig tree on the place. This tree had just finished shedding 

 a crop of ripe caprifigs, of which only a dozen ripe figs yet remained on the 

 tree. But there was absolutely no sign of a succeeding crop, and the 

 hatching Blastophaga had no caprifigs in which to lay their eggs. The 

 insects would then naturally perish, as they coald not possibly survive 

 until a new crop of figs could attain jsroper size. It is absolutely neces- 

 sary to the welfare of the wasps that they should immediately upon their 



