210 



Construction of Fountains for Gardens. 



which water is conveyed to a height, and then left to trickle 

 down over an ornamental form, such as the lower part of 

 fig. 129. Vol. VIL, as opposed to artificial fountains, in which 

 water is forced to spout up vertically, as in the upper part of 

 the same figure, and in fig. 42. of Vol. VIII. Another cir- 

 cumstance favourable to the construction of ornamental foun- 

 tains is, the facility with which iron can now be cast into the 

 most beautiful shapes, at a very moderate expense. W^ith 

 the artificial stone of Austin, or the kiln-burnt artificial stone 

 of Coade and Seeley, which is as durable as the hardest 

 marble, with cast-iron shafts and jets, and with iron or leaden 

 pipes, there is now no difficulty in constructing the most 

 beautiful garden fountains at a trifling cost, in the grounds of 

 every villa. Austin will supply the stonework, Rowley (the 

 inventor of the fountain yf^. 62.) the pipes and the machinery, 

 and Gray of the Colosseum the design. On our part, we 

 shall chiefly confine ourselves, at present, to showing the 

 situations in which the erection of fountains is practicable, and 

 the manner of conveying the water to them. 



A fountain may be formed wherever there is either a natural 

 or an artificial supply of water some feet higher than the level 



of the surface on which 

 the fountain is to be 

 placed. Where a droop- 

 ing fountain is to be 

 adopted, such asfg. 63. 

 or fg. 64-., the level of 

 the water in the head 

 need be no higher than 

 the joint at which the 

 drooping water issues 

 from the figure ; but if, 

 on the other hand, the 

 water is to rise up- 

 wards, as in^^. 65., the 

 head must be higher 

 than the height to which 

 the jet is expected to 

 rise, by at least several 

 inches, according to the 

 diameter of the jet. 

 W^here the jet is small, 

 say an eighth of an inch, 

 the height of the head 

 above it, provided the 

 water in that head be 



