Construction of Fountains for Gardens. 



215 



specific gravity of the water and on that of the air which it 

 has to penetrate. A jet of salt water will rise higher than 

 one of fresh water ; a column six inches in diameter higher 

 than one of three inches ; and a jet of water of any dimen- 

 sion higher at Madrid or Munich than in Paris or London, 

 on account of the difference of the elevation of these cities above 

 the level of the sea. The most powerful garden jet in Europe 

 is that in theNymphenburg gardens, near Munich. The water 

 is there forced by the direct influence of machinery, without 

 the intervention of a head or reservoir ; and it is found that 

 a column of six inches in diameter cannot, even there, be 

 raised higher than ninety feet. A similar column, at St. Cloud 

 i^fg. 67.), is said not to rise higher than sixty or seventy feet. 

 It must be recollected that water boils at Munich at 209° ; 

 whereas at St. Cloud it requires 212° to effect ebullition. 



Thinking it most desirable to attempt to revive the taste 

 for fountains in garden scenery (not, indeed, the childish baubles 

 of the middle ages, when the object was to surprise or frighten 

 the spectator, or probably to wet his clothes, but those classical 

 forms which characterise the modern fountains of Italy, and 

 especially those of Rome), we here present two designs : 



V 4 



