256 p. A. ØYEN [1914 



naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, 1904, pag. 299) som jordfundne i 

 Danmark. Og i Finland synes ogsaa mammutens utdøen at 

 ha fundet sted kort før den historiske tid (Ofvers. Finsk. Vet. 

 Soc. Forh. B. 17, pag. 139), saa for saa vidt staar ikke min 

 anskuelse om forholdene med hensyn til disse forekomster saa 

 isoleret, som mange vil gjøre det til, men paa dette omraade 

 hersker ikke alene noksaa stor uklarhet med hensyn til tolk- 

 ningen a f de her omhandlede fænomener, men desværre ogsaa 

 en temmelig utbredt uvidenhet om de virkelig foreliggende forhold. 

 Det kan dog i denne forbindelse ogsaa være af interesse at merke 

 sig, hvad Osborn sier i sin »Review of the Pleistocene« : »The 

 full series of spedes characteristic of the Tundra Fauna are not 

 recorded in Europe until the Postglacial Stage (i. e. »Upper Ro- 

 dent« layer), when the entire Tundra list given below is dis- 

 covered either mingled with the culture remains of the Neander- 

 thal race of men in Mousterian times or is represented in the art 

 of the Cro-Magnon men of the reindeer period. The full or typical 

 Tundra list of the Fourth Glacial Epoch« meddeles derpaa, i 

 hvilken vi saa bl. a. finder opført Elephas primigenius, Rangifer 

 tarandiis, Ovibus moschatus og Cijgnus musiciis, og han tilføier 

 videre: »The reason for associating the woolly mammoth with 

 this fauna is that the mammolh as depicted by the men of the 

 Postglacial Stage agrees precisely in its form, its proportions, 

 and its hairy covering with the mammoths which have been 

 discovered in the frozen subsoil of northern Siberia and are 

 washing out in large numbers along the northern Siberian and 

 American coast at Eschholtz Bay and elsewhere«, og som slut- 

 sten paa det hele tilføier han, at sammenlikningen »is based on 

 the strongest evidence« (Annals of the New York Academy of 

 Sciences, Vol. 26, 1915, pag. 249 — 250). Videre hører vi, at 

 »evidence that the mammoth fauna lingered late both in the 

 Dordogne region of central France and to the north is found 

 in the abundant representation of the mammoths in the very 



latest paintings and engravings by the Magdalenian artists 



— as these climatic conditions shifted northward before the retreat 

 of the great Scandinavian glaciers the Tundra fauna followed. 

 It was a slow change that drove the Tundra mammals toward 

 the dry regions of the east to make room for the forests and 

 their faunas advancing from the south« (L. c. pag. 311). Hvad 

 her er meddelt, vinder endnu mere i interesse, naar vi klargjør 

 os den korrelation, der ligger til grund for den gjorte sammen- 

 stilling af kjendsgjerningerne: — 



— Postglacial — 



Daun Stage Azilian-Tardenoisian 



Gschnitz Stage Late Magdalenian 



