Nr. 3] SOME VASCULAR PL ANTS FROM SAGHALIN 7 



undergrowth consists chiefly of Myrica gale var. tomentosa 

 averaging about 1 metre high. The soil is here swampy. 



C. The Pine forests. (Abies sachalinensis). These are as a 

 rule extremely dense, shutting out all light from the soil, which 

 accordingly bears, as a rule, little else beyond moss aud lichens. 



A great part — the major portion, ^Ye may say, — of the 

 forest on the island has been harried by fire, and such places 

 are practically impenetrable owing to the tree trunks, large and 

 small, which have fallen wholly to the ground or interlaced, in 

 a chaotic disorder which renders it impossible to force a w^ay. 



VII. Highland forest region. The hills are, as a rule, 

 covered only with pine (Abies sachalinensis). In places where in 

 earlier times fires have tåken place however, we find, in addition 

 to the later growth of young pine, immigrant birch and mountain 

 ash (Sorbus aucuparia var. japonica), these being, at any rate in 

 places, very densely packed. The ground is here for the most 

 part grassy, with occasional patches of moss and lichen. 



Enumeration of the Plants. 



Pinaceae Lindley. 

 Pinns pumila Regel. 

 In full flower 26 May. 

 On dry sandy spots near the sea. 



Juncaceae Vent. 

 Juncus balticus Willd. var. Haenkei Buch. 

 On wet meadow land. Young flowers 6 June. 



Luzula campestris DC. var. capitata Miq. 

 Specimens in flower 22 June. Moorland. 



Cyperaceae St. Hil. 

 Eriophorum vaginatum L. 

 Flowering specimens tåken 21 May in swamps. 



Carex longerostrata C. A. Mey. 



Specimens almost past flowering and in incipient fruit for- 

 mation tåken 20 June on sandy heath and between 19 — 21 June 

 on sandy heath and moorland. 



Carex amblyolepis Trautv. et Mey. 



Specimens in bud and with fully opened flowers tåken on 

 sandy heath 20 June. 



