10 DR. HJALMAR BR OCH [1918 



the transition from the intestine; we can nevertheless distinguish 

 three main layers of muscle fibres, viz. longitudinally arranged 

 muscles supporting the epithelium, ring muscles outside the se, and 

 lastly, radial or dilatatory muscle hands connecting the proctodæal 

 cuticle with tlie external thoracic cuticle. On the whole, the 

 muscles of the proctodæum are, as mentioned above, only feebly 

 developed, and the proctodæum generally affords the impression of 

 being wide open. 



«Salivary glands» could not de traced in Anelasma. On the 

 other hand, large d i g e s t i v e glan d s open into the foremost 

 part of the digestive intestine shortly behind the stomach. There 

 are two digestive glands, ane on each side of the sagittal plane. In 

 the small specimen above mentioned, the glands were only slightly 

 branched, and in their outlines rather resemble the digestive glands 

 of Scalpellum. The glands of this small Anelasma seemed to be in 

 vivid function. (pl. II, fig. 9), and exhibited the structure of 

 «pancreatic» glands according to Gruvel (1904, 1905). The single 

 cells are of different sizes, probably owing to their state of function. 

 The protoplasm is rather coarsely granulated. In the middle of 

 the cell a large nucleus is situated; after staining with Weigerts 

 hæniatoxyline — iron annnonium sulphate, the chromatic network is 

 distinctly visible, although its affinity to the dye is far less than that 

 of the large and irregularly shaped nucleoli; the latter altain a 

 completely black colour. In exceptional cases, many minute 

 nucleoli are found in one nucleus; generally one large nucleolus 

 appears, often accornpanied by sonie small ones. 



In fullgrown ispecimens, the digestive glands present a very dif- 

 ferent picture. Here the glands are richly branched, showing an 

 intermediate stage between tubular and alveolar construction. It 

 is impossible to designate them as pancreatic, bepatic, or hepatico- 

 pancreatic glands in accordance with the terminology of Gruvel. 

 Staining after Weigert's method (pl. II, fig. 10) shows us a series 

 of cells containing rather large nudel richly furnished with 

 chromatic substance. Even though now and again large nucleoli 

 may be found, the latter are more frequently hidden by (or dissol- 

 ved into?) numerous rather coarse, and closely packed granula 

 exhibiting the same intense affinty to the dye. The protoplasm is 

 evenly granulated in the basal part of the cell; in the distal part 

 ■on the other hand, it is strongly vacuolated, and here almost 

 conveys the impression of degenerating or only feebly functioaiating 

 cells. This impression is strengthened by the picture presented by 

 sections stained with boraxcarmine — bleu de Lyon (pl. V, fig. 23). 

 Here the protoplasm is but little influenced by the blue dye, and 

 it is strikingly vacuolized, almost attaining a foamy appearance. 

 The nuclei in this case give the picture of nuclei of resting cells, 



