dead stalks and trash, and trimmed to an overall length of about 50 centi- 

 meters. Transplants may be stored for a few weeks by heeling-in in 

 narrow trenches in moist, well-drained soils. Clay-dipping and bundling 

 is advisable when plants are to be moved over long distances or stored 

 for substantial periods of time. Long-term storage should be at about 

 0° Celsius. 



4_ Spacing . A graduated planting pattern would be most 

 effective for building a foredune. The suggested pattern may need to be 

 modified to fit the particular situation. Plant four to six center rows 

 with plants spaced 30 by 30 centimeters on centers where the dune ridge 

 line forms, then plant in a graduated pattern forward and backward from 

 the center rows. Space the plants 45 by 45 centimeters on center then 

 60 by 60 centimeters, 90 by 90 centimeters, and finally 1.2 by 1.2 meters. 

 Number of rows and the total width of the planting depend on the nature 

 of the site and the volume of sand anticipated. Generally, a width of 

 30 to 50 meters is sufficient for the initial development of a foredune. 

 Plant spacings of 45 by 45 and 60 by 60 centimeters are suitable for 

 stabilization of existing foredunes. For foredunes, three stems (culms) 

 should be planted per hill. Use of American beachgrass for other than 

 foredunes and repair purposes in this region appears to be impractical. 



5^ Fertilization and Management . Fertilization at the 

 rate of 40 to 60 kilograms of nitrogen per hectare should be applied in 

 early spring. Additional applications may be needed to maintain good 

 color and vigor. Management is similar to that for European beachgrass. 

 Plantings should be protected from traffic and breaks replanted. Little 

 replanting of spotty stands should be required because American beachgrass 

 spreads well. 



(c) American Dunegrass . This plant (Fig. 32) is the only 

 foredune grass native to the northwest and is widely distributed through- 

 out the region (Barbour, DeJong, and Johnson, 1976). It is primarily a 

 foredune species, thriving under foredune conditions and requiring con- 

 siderable annual sand deposition for healthy growth (McLaughlin and 

 Brown, 1942). It builds foredunes. It is more difficult and expensive 

 to propagate than European and American beachgrasses and consequently 

 has not been planted to any extent. Its culture has received little 

 attention until recently (Barbour, 1976). While American dunegrass is 

 not competitive with European beachgrass, it can be planted alone or in 

 mixture with other native species to build foredunes. Due to its open 

 spreading habit it produces low dunes with gentle slopes. This is often 

 preferable to the high steep dunes formed by European beachgrass. A 

 foredune in much of this region intercepts sand moving from the beach 

 and prevents it from moving inland, rather than to bar storm tides. 

 Here, there is no need for high, massive foredunes unless the space for 

 sand storage is limited, then the type of dune from American dunegrass 

 might be more appropriate. Use of this grass should be limited to the 

 foredune zone because of high cost and plant requirements. 



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