296 



WARMING AND VENTILATING OCCUPIED BUILDINGS. 



It may be remarked that the dimensions of flues given for rooms 

 with an area of 10,000 cubic feet are quite large, and that it would be 

 difficult to exceed them without causing the great annoyance which is 

 experienced in large flues, that of causing descending currents of smoke 

 when the fire is kindled. 



It will, therefore, be better in warming such large rooms to use a 

 heater in addition to the fire-place. 





^t 



Mues. 





Shafts. 





a 



Volume of air 

 be changed 

 ery hour. 











Cm 

 O 



O § 



Rectangular. 



1.- 



•as 



1^ 



.2 ® 



a 



m 



Rectangular. 



•§5 

 T3 2 



(1 



Length. 



Breadth. 



Length. 



Breadth. 





Cubieft. 



Cubieft. 



Sq. in. 



Ft. In. 



Ft. In. 



Ft. In. 



Sq. in. 



Ft. In. 



In. 



Ft. In. 



3, 5:^2 



17, 658 



144 



I. 2, 9-16 



0.- 9, 13-16 



0. 11, 1-2 



72 



1. 1 



5,1-2 



0. 7, 1-2 



4,226 



21, 189 



172 



I. 2, 9-16 



0. 11, 13-16 



0.11,3-16 



86 



1. 2, 9-16 



5, 7-8 



0. 8,1-4 



5, 296 



26, 487 



213 



1. 6,1-8 



0.11,13-16 



1. 1 



108 



1. 1,11-16 



8 



0.9, 7-8 



6,356 



31, 784 



258 



1. 9,5-8 



0. 11, 13-16 



1. 2,1-2 



129 



1. 4,1-8 



8 



0.10, 3-16 



7,769 



38, 847 



316 



1. 10, 13-16 



I. 1, 11-16 



1. 3,3-4 



158 



1. 7,11-16 



8 



0.11, 3-16 



lO, 382 



45, 910 



373 



I. 11, 13-16 



1. 3,3-4 



1. 5,5-16 



186 



1. 11, 5-8 



8 



1. 0, 3-16 



10, 595 



52, 973 



430 



2. 2 



1. 3,3-4 



1. 6,1-2 



215 



1. 11, 5-8 



9 



1. 1 



8. Proportions of flues and chimney caps in apartment-houses .of inany 

 Hoors. — In cities where houses are built of many stories to rent in flats, 

 especially in Paris, chimneys are built of bricks of special forms or of 

 pottery-ware pipes, on the top being usually placed cylindrical caps of 

 the following dimensions : 



Number of the pattern. 



Diameter. 



Sectional 

 area. 



1 



Inches. 

 9, 13-16 



8, 11-16 



7, 1-2 



6, 5-16 



Sq. in. 

 76 



2 . 



59 



3 



44 



4 



31 







Three types of pottery-ware pipes may be distinguished : 



9. First type, pipes made in sections called wagons. — (Fig. 3.) — They 







w 



w^^!m 



are placed in the thickness of the partition-walls or in the face of the 

 wall and forming part of it. Of these there are five different patterns 

 or numbers, the j^roper one to be used depending upon the size of the 

 rooms to be warmed and the thickness of the walls in which they are 

 to be placed. ' 



