MOUND-BUILDEES AND PLATYCNEMISM IN MICHIGAN. 369 



In tliis table the latitudinal index expresses the amount of the com- 

 pression of the shaft, while the perimetral index represents the thick- 

 ness. 



In this connection I wish to call attention to the fact that the perfora- 

 tion of the humerus is a characteristic which I have observed to pertain 

 to the platycnemic specimens from the river Eouge mound. This is of 

 great interest, as the peculiarity referred to is most frequently met with 

 in the negro race, has also been observed in the Indian, and, though 

 not always present, is quite general in the apes, while it is seldom seen 

 in the white races. 



The ridge on which Fort Wayne is built, once nearly a mile in length, 

 on the bank of the Detroit Eiver, and which occupies a commanding 

 position, was, I am satisfied, previously occupied by the ancient people 

 we are discussing. Their bones and implements have been dug out at 

 that part of the ridge immediately above the fort. The leg-bones from 

 this point also exhibited in a remarkable degree the flattening. 



It is to be regretted that various circumstances prevented my obtain- 

 ing in many instances the dimensions of the bones ; otherwise I should 

 be able to present an array of facts still more valuable. 



Though the stone and other implements from the upper lakes cannot 

 in general boast of the high degree of ornamentation observable in 

 those relics from the southern portion of the United States, yet there 

 are not wanting specimens evincing considerable cultivation in this 

 direction. The difficulties of manipulation involved in the material 

 used prevented the indulgence of much art. The pottery, therefore, 

 seems to have been chosen esi^ecially for a display of such taste as 

 those primitive workmen possessed in this field. The objects of this 

 material from the lake-mounds present a remarkable variety of devices. 



ma;. 2 



Stone Pipe from Grosse Point, Laiie St. Clair 

 MicMgan. Ilsilfsize. 



Figure 2 is an illustration of a stone pipe from Grosse Point, Lake Saint 

 Clair, Michigan, which, as an object of this kind, is worthy of some admi- 



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