THE BATKACHIA OF NORTH AMERICA. 505 



PLATE XLV. 



Carpus aud tarsus of Rhachitomi and Urodela, natural size, excepting Pig. 1, which is 



one-half natural size. 



Fig. 1. Carpus of Hryops megacephalus Cope, from the Permian formation of Texas. 



2. Necturus maciilatus, carpus and tarsus. 



3. Cryptohranchus alleglienienKis, carpus aud tarsus. 



4. Amblystoma opacum, carpus and tarsus. 



5. Plefhodon glutinosus, carpus and tarsus. 



6. Speleipes ruher, carpus and tarsus. 



7. Desmofjnathus fusca, tarsus. 



8. Diemyctylus torosus, carpus and tarsus. 



9. Diemyctylus viridescens, carpus and tarsus. 



PLATE XLVI. 



Carpus and tarsus of Batrachia, from drawings made by Dr. George Baur, enlarged, 

 except Figs. 2 and 9, which are natural size. 



Fig. 1. Necturus maculatus, young of, 31 mm x 30 ; a carpus, b tarsus. 



2. Megalohatrachus japonieus, natural size; a carpus, b-c tarsus. 



3. Cryjitoiranchus aUeglieniensis, tavsns J. 



4. AinpMuma means, a-&. carpus; c tarsus; X 50. 



5. Siren lacert'ma, carpus X 2. 



6. Onychodactylus japonieus, a carpus, & tarsus. 



7. Geotriton fuscus, tarsus X 6. 



8. Hemidactylium sciitatum, tarsus X 8. 



9. Archegosaurus decheniYon Meyer, from a specimen in the Museum of Tiibingen ; 



drawn by A. Froriep ; natural size. 



PLATE XLVIL 



Carpus and tarsus of European Batrachia, much enlarged. From Gegenbaur, Un- 

 tersuchungen zur Vergl. Anatomie d. Wirbelthiere. I Heft. Carpus u. tarsus. 



Fig. 1-2. Proteus anguinus, carpus and tarsus ; 1 carpus, 2 tarsus. 



3. Salamandra maculosa larva, carpus. 



4. Salamandra maculosa larva, tarsus. 



5. Salamandra maculosa adult, carpus. 



6. Salamandra maculosa adult, tarsus. 



7. Molge vulgaris, carpus. 



8. Molge vulgaris, tarsus. 



9. Bombinator igneus, carpus. 



10. Bombinator igneus, tarsus. 



11. Phryniscits crucifer, carpus. 



12. Rana temporaria, carpus. 



13. Bana esculenta, tarsus. 



PLATE XLVIII. 



The relations of the quadrate, stapedial, aud hyoid apparatus. In Figs. 1, 3, 9, 14,15,. 

 and 16 the squamosal bone has been removed. Figures twice natural size, except- 

 ing 1, 3, 4, 7, and 8, which are natural size, and 10, 11, and 12, which are three times 

 natural size. From Cope in the American Journal of Morphology, 1888. 



Fig. 1. Necturus maculatus; squamosal removed. 



2. Proteus anguinus. 



3. Cryptobranchus allegheniensis; the middle of the squamosal removed, the ex- 



tremities remainius:. 



