THE BATEACHIA OF NORTH AMERICA- 507 



Fig. 5. The same species ; another individual; same view, without suspensorium and 

 lower jaw. 



6. Zatrachys serratus Cope, right posterior part of skull, superior view, showing 



natch (Ty) for tympanic membrane ; natural size ; from the Permian bed 

 of Texas. 



7. The same specimen as fig. 6, from below, displaying columella or stapes. 



PLATE LI. - 



Fig. 1. Rana virescens, hyoid apparatus of larva represented on Plate XLVII, fig. 2, 

 right side, from below ; right ceratobranchials cut off distally ; X 4. 



2. Sana clamata, larva, just free from egg X 6; a, the same from below. 



3. Eana clamata, same brood as 2, three days from egg; right gill wanting. 



4. Eana cateshiana, young larva with small fore leg inclosed in branchial cham- 



ber ; X 2. 



5. Eana cateshiana more advanced ; fore leg partially protruded from bran- 



chial fissure ; X 2. 



6. Eana cateshiana, individual represented in fig. .3, Plate XLVII ; fore leg fully 



protruded, but the branchial fissure (of right side) not closed ; X 2. 



7. Eana cateshiana, same as fig. 4, displaying form of external branchial cham- 



ber ; X 2. 



8. Eana cateshiana, larva of age of fig. 5, showing branchial chamber, and the 



pharynx bounded by a dotted line ; X 2. 



9. Eana virescens, hyoid apparatus of adult, from below. 



10. Eana areolata circiilosa, hyoids from below, |. 



11. Eana draytoni draytoni, hyoid apparatus from below, }. 



12. Eana montezumce, hyoid apparatus from below, |. 



13. Eana cantabrigensis, hyoid apparatus from below, \. 



14. Hyla carolinensis, hyoid apparatus, f. 



15. Lithodytes latrans, hyoid apparatus, y. 



16. Spea multiplicata, hyoid apparatus from below, f. 



17. Spea hammondii hombifrons, hyoid apparatus from below, \. 



18. Spea hammondii hammondii, hyoid apparatus from below, \. 



19. Chondrotns texamis, hjoid of young just after absorption of branchiae, X 4. 



20. Typhlonect.es compressicaudus, hyoids, {. 



21. DermopMs mexieanus, hyoids, {. 



PLATE LII. 



Viscera of Batrachia. 

 Fig. 1. Necturus lateralis. 



2. Amhlystoma mexicanum, larva (Siredon). 



3. Cryptohranchus allegheniensis. 



4. Amphiuma means. 



Lettering: P, pancreas ; oe, oesophagus ; Pv, portal vein ; pyl, pylorus; g, gall-bladder; 

 dc, ductus choledochus. 



PLATE LIII. 



Viscera of Batrachia. 



Fig. 1. Siphonops annulatus; c, urinary bladder. 



2. Salamandra maculosa. 



3. Pipa americana ; py, pyloric constriction. 



4. Xenopus capensis ; dc, ductus choledochus; py, pylorus; er, cseco-rectal con- 



striction. 



5. Bufo sp. 



