XX PREFACE. 



of which, according to custom-house records, England received $2,601,- 

 017. Of the quantity sent to England $1,596,007 was in canned prepa- 

 rations, and $363,790 in fresh oysters, the remainder being chiefly 

 products of the whale fishery. In former years there was an extensive 

 export trade in dried cod with Spain and Portugal, but this is now en- 

 tirely abandoned. Large quantities of canned salmon are sent to China, 

 Japan, and Australia. 



At present no subsidies are allowed to fishermen, except that the 

 duties on imported salt, used in the preparation of fish, are remitted. 

 This practice was begun in 1863, at which time the old bounty law was 

 repealed. 



The United States, with the intention of aiding its fishermen, has paid 

 to Great Britain the sum of $5,500,000 for the privilege of fishing in the 

 British Provincial waters from 1873 to 1885. 



Since 1871 the United States has appropriated over one million dol- 

 lars to be used by the United States Fish Commission in behalf of the 

 fishermen and fish consumers, and under the direction of the commis- 

 sioner, Prof. Spencer F. Baird, very important results have been accom- 

 plished. All the State governments, with the exception of six, have 

 established State fish commissions, and most of them have been liber- 

 ally supported by grants of money. 



The undeveloped fishery resources are very great. Many of the fishes 

 and invertebrates which in Europe are highly valued by the poorer 

 classes are never used here. Only about 150 of the 1,500 species of 

 fishes known to inhabit the waters of the United States are ordinarily 

 found in the markets. 



An elaborate report upon the fishes and fisheries of the country in 

 1880 is now being published by the Government — the joint production 

 of the Fish Commission and the Tenth Census. 



G. BEOWK GOODE. 



