260 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. [76] 



USEFUL BIVALVES OTHER THAN OYSTERS. 



Mya arenaria, Linne. Long Clam, Soffc-shelled Clam, or Mananose. 

 East coast of North America from South Carolina to Arctic 

 Ocean. Abundant from New Jersey northward ; scarce south 

 of Cape Hatteras ; abundant in San Francisco Bay, California. 



32829. Canarsie Bay, Long Island. E. G. Blackford. 



32955. Cape Cod, Massachusetts. E. G. Blackford. 



33094. BayofFundy. G. F. Matliew. 



33464. Ocean View, N. J. T. C. Sharp. 



33474. Guilford, Conn. A. A. Foote. 



* 32833 (Mya Hemphillii), San Francisco Bay, California. H. Hemphill. 



Mactra solidissima, Chemnitz. Hen Clam, Surf Clam, or Sea Clam. 

 Florida and Gulf of Mexico to Labrador. Abundant from Del- 

 aware Bay to Cape Cod ; in Casco Bay and Bay of Fundy. Low- 

 water mark to 10 fathoms. 

 32869. Massachusetts Bay. W. H. Dall. 



Callista gigantea, Chemnitz. Painted Clam. Southern coast of the 

 United States. 



32867. South Carolina. Dr. Wm. Stimpson. 



Macoma (sp.) Salmon Tellen. 



32874. Coast of Florida. Mr. Conrad. 



Cyprina islandica, Lamarck. Sea Clam. Long Island to Arctic Ocean, 

 in soft sand or mud, at from 10 to 100 fathoms. 

 33607. Vicinity of Long Island. E.G.Blackford. 



Gnathodon cuneatus, Gray. Cuneate Clam. Gulf coast, vicinity of New 

 Orleans. 



32839. Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana. Gustav Kohn. 



Ensatella Americcma, Verrill. Razor Fish or Razor Clam. Florida to 

 Labrador. Common from New Jersey to Gulf of Saint Law- 

 rence, from low- water mark to 20 fathoms. 



33585. Long Island Sound. A. A. Foote. 



Venus mercenaria, Linne. Quahaug or Round Clam. Abundant from 

 Florida to Massachusetts Bay. Rare and local further north 

 on coast of Maine, Nova Scotia, and southern shore of Gulf of 

 Saint Lawrence. Not found on coast of Maine east of Kennebec 

 River, nor in Bay of Fundy. The shells of Venus mercenaria 

 vary so much in color and character that a number of dis- 

 tinct species have been described. The variations, however, 

 are, like those of the oyster, by no means constant, and are due, 

 principally, to the character of bottom and water. In the fol- 

 lowing series, four varieties are shown, with the intermediate 

 types connecting them. 



* Transplanted from the east by accident, with young oysters. 



