[23] FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 293 



5.— GLASS CASES CONTAINING CURIOSITIES AND SCRIMSHAW 

 WORK, PAPERS AND LOGS, WHALE-LINE, AND ACCESSORIES. 



These cases contain the "pans" (posterior portions of the jaw-bone 

 of the sperm-whale, Physeter macrocephalus), the teeth of the same 

 species, and tusks of walrus, engraved and carved in an artistic manner 

 by the whalemen, as well as sundry articles manufactured from ivory 

 and bone. Other cases are devoted to a class of objects known as 

 " curios," brought home by whalemen from different parts of the world, 

 including implements made and used by Eskimos of Hudson Bay, from 

 the islands of the South Pacific, and elsewhere. This series also in- 

 cludes lines and ropes manufactured by the New Bedford Cordage Com- 

 pany, journals of voyages, copies of papers carried by the bark " Gos- 

 nold," of New Bedford, and other objects of minor importance. 



6.— PHOTOGRAPHS. 



A series of photographs has been made at New Bedford of whaling- 

 vessels, docks, buildings, and whalemen. The American whaleman is 

 represented by a group composed of both active and retired whaling- 

 masters.* Other groups illustrative of the foreign element employed in 

 this fishery, consist of Kanakas, Portuguese of Cape Verde, negroes 

 from an island on the coast of Africa, and from Virginia (the latter an 

 immense man over six feet three inches tall), Chilmark Indians from 

 Gay Head, Massachusetts, West Indiamen, and a group of Hudson Bay 

 whalemen attired in their fur clothing. There are also photographs of 

 the residences of retired whaling captains, including the houses of Cap- 

 tain H. W. Seabury, of New Bedford, and Captain James V. Cox, of Fair- 

 haven, and photographs of the Mariners' Home, a charitable institution 

 where unfortunate whalemen are entertained temporarily, and the Sea- 

 men's Bethel, a place of worship erected especially for whalemen. These 

 photographs have been enlarged by electric light, and mounted on 

 frames thirty by forty inches. 



The Species op Whales from a Commercial Standpoint. 



In the ninth century, when Ohthere made his famous voyage in the 

 Northern seas — the first record we have of killing the whale — it is be- 

 lieved that his captures consisted of the smaller species of cetaceans, 

 probably of the family Detyhinidce, though we have no positive knowl- 

 edge of the fact. 

 Markhamt states that the Basque fishermen captured a baleen whale 



* Group of whaling-masters of New Bedford, photographed September 14, 1882. 

 Isaiah West, ship "Florida;" H. W. Seabury, ship "Coral;" L. Braley, schooner 

 "William Wilson ;"M. W. Taber, ship " Trident ;" J. H. Cornell, ship "Janus;" 

 Amos C. Baker, bark "A. R. Tucker;" James V. Cox, bark "Draco;" and James A. 

 Crowell, bark " Arnolda." 



t Clements R. Markham, C.B.,F. R. S., paper read at the Zoological Society De 

 ceniber 13. Published in Nature. Littell's Living Age, No. 1972, April 18, 1882. 



