[83] FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 353 



Whaleman's hand- cuffs. 



Pair of handcuffs (with key), connected by two loose links and a 

 swivel. Length, 9.2 inches. New Bedford, Massachusetts. 

 1882. 56887. U. S. Fish Commission. Common to all whaling 

 vessels for enforcing discipline, manacling insubordinate, pugi- 

 listic, or drunken members of the crew, and deserters if caught. 



Pair of skates. 



Foot-rest, hard wood ; runners made from old files, fastened to the 

 rear ends of skates with common wood-screws, the projecting 

 ends of the latter secured to the boot-heel when used. Heel- 

 straps, common leather; wanting front straps. Length, 12 

 inches. New London, Connecticut, 1882. 56885. Gift of Law- 

 rence & Co. Made at sea, and used by sea-elephant hunters. 



Keel and log-chip. 



Eeel, wood ; iron axle, projecting wooden handles. End-pieces 

 bucked with iron. Log-chip, common form, triangular; base 

 armed with lead. Length of reel, 25 inches, 57081; size of 

 chip, 6 by 6 inches, 57080. 



Animal-trap. 



Common steel trap. " Hawley & Norton, No. 1 " (New York), used 

 by whalemen in the Arctic regions for the capture of foxes and 

 other small animals for their fur. Length, 31 inches, including 

 chain. New London, Connecticut, 1882. 57799. Gift of C. A. 

 Williams & Co. 



Main-royal pole. 



Pine, made expressly for its present use, showing its connection 

 with the lookout bows. Those in active service are made of 

 spruce or southern pine. Length, 8 feet 6 inches. Washing- 

 ton, D. C, 1883. 57719. TJ. S. Fish Commission. 



Minute-glass. 



Common glass formerly used in connection with the log. Old. 

 Four uprights, seized at top and bottom with twine. Height, 

 4-| inches. NeV Bedford, Massachusetts, 1882. 57082. Gift 

 of Jonathan Bourne. 



Lookout bows. 



Two iron rings ; parceled ; shackled to main-royal pole. Inside di- 

 ameter, 18 inches. New Bedford, Massachusetts, 1882. 57718. 

 U. S. Fish Commission. A support for the men when on the 

 lookout for whales. The men climb up, and by means of the 

 rigging lower themselves into the bows, and standing upon the 

 cross-trees, support themselves by grasping the rings or rig- 

 ging. 



2444— Bull. 27 23 



